Eating context and ultraprocessed food consumption among UK adolescents

Rauber, Fernanda; Martins, Carla Adriano; Azeredo, Catarina Machado; Leffa, Paula dos Santos; Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa; Levy, Renata Bertazzi

doi:10.1017/s0007114521000854

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Similar findings were observed both intra- and inter-country. The highest levels of consumption were observed in the United States and the United Kingdom with the percent of energy intake generally higher than 50% with respect to TEI [ 18 , 19 , 36 , 38 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Conversely, the lowest levels were observed in Italy, in which the two studies identified reported about 10% energy obtained from UPF [ 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On average, the age of participants was 38.9 years, although half of the studies did not report this information. Fifteen studies focused only on children [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], seven on adolescents [31][32][33][34][35][36][37], five on pregnant women [38][39][40][41][42], and three on older subjects [43][44][45], whereas others focused on an adult population or on 2 target groups. Overall, 58.8% of participants were women.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms

et al. 2021

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A debate is ongoing on the significance and appropriateness of the NOVA classification as a tool for categorizing foods based on their degree of processing. As such, the role of ultra-processed food (UPF) on human health is still not completely understood. With this review, we aimed to investigate the actual level of consumption of UPF across countries and target populations to determine the impact in real contexts. Suitable articles published up to March 2021 were sourced through the PubMed and SCOPUS databases. Overall, 99 studies providing data on the level of UPF consumption expressed as the percentage of total energy intake were identified, for a total of 1,378,454 participants. Most of them were published in Brazil (n = 38) and the United States (n = 15), and the 24 h recall was the most-used tool (n = 63). Analysis of the results revealed that the United States and the United Kingdom were the countries with the highest percent energy intake from UPF (generally >50%), whereas Italy had the lowest levels (about 10%); the latter was inversely associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. High variability was also observed based on sex, age, and body mass index, with men, young people, and overweight/obese subjects generally having higher levels of consumption compared to older subjects. Overall, our findings underline the large differences in UPF intake. Since most of the observations derived from studies conducted with food questionnaires are not specifically validated for UPF, further efforts are essential to confirm the results previously obtained and to investigate further the association between UPF consumption and health status, also considering the actual contribution within different dietary patterns, which has been less investigated to date.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms

et al. 2021

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“…Second, it matters for the continued understanding of the social functions of eating together among children and adolescents, beyond the contexts of the family and school, that are otherwise commonly studied. In fact, adolescents’ eating with friends outside the family environment has been associated with consumption of ultra-processed foods [ 70 ], while their friendship ties are associated with both unhealthy food habits [ 71 ] and body weight [ 72 ]. In sum, as children grow and mature their parents have less and less influence over their eating habits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s experiences of meals after obesity treatment: a qualitative follow-up four years after a randomized controlled trial

Neuman

Jörnvi

et al. 2022

BMC Pediatr

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Background The practice of eating together, commensality, is rarely explored in the context of childhood obesity treatment. This is noteworthy given long-standing debates about the physical, psychosocial, and societal benefits of meals, especially family meals. Moreover, as children with obesity experience weight bias and stigma both within and outside the home, it is important to examine meals as a locus of social exchange around food and the body. Our study is based on the premises that eating together (i) matters and (ii) occurs in different environments with diverse social organization, where food-related interactions create varying arrangements of individuals, groups, their statuses, and their actions. Method The study explores children’s experiences of meals in different social contexts. Thirty-two children (age 8–10 years) living in Sweden were interviewed, 4 years after they entered an obesity intervention trial. Thematic analysis was applied to the data. Results We thematized three meal types, with each meal type having two subthemes: (i) “The family meal”, with “Shared routines, rituals, and rules” and “Individual solutions and choices”; (ii) “The school meal”, with “Rules and norms of the school” and “Strategies of the child”; and (iii) “The friend meal”, with “Handling food that was disliked” and “Enjoyment of food”. These three different meal types carried different experiences of and knowledge about how they were socially organized. Conclusions While the children spoke about the family and school meals as meaningful, the friend meal stood out as particularly positive. Contrary to our expectations, the children did not express experiences of weight bias or obesity stigma around meals, nor did they speak negatively about parental control of their food intake. Our findings, especially regarding the friend meal, have implications for further research into commensality and social influences on eating among children with obesity, from early childhood into adolescence.

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“…Previous studies showed that, among British children and adolescents, the consumption of ultraprocessed foods was influenced by eating contexts, such as the presence of other people and the location [15,18]. In this way, the present study aims to analyse the association between different places of consumption and the intake of ultra-processed foods in the United Kingdom in 2014-2016.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 94%

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and the eating location: can they be associated?

et al. 2021

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Studies indicate that eating locations can influence food choices. However, the relationship with ultra-processed foods has been little explored. The objective was to assess the association between eating locations and ultra-processed foods consumption in the UK in 2014-2016. Data from 2,449 individuals aged 4 years or older from the NDNS were analysed cross-sectionally. Food consumption information was collected through 4day food diaries. Recorded foods were classified into NOVA system. The eating locations were grouped into nine categories (home, institutional places, sit-down restaurants, on the go, coffee shops, leisure and sports clubs, fast food, friends and relatives' house, and other places). Linear regression models were carried out. The coefficients represent the increment in the contribution of ultra-processed foods to total energy intake for each percentage point increase in the contribution of each eating location to total energy intake. Among children, consumption at home was inversely associated with ultra-processed foods consumption (β: −0.10; 95% CI −0.17, −0.03), while in leisure and sports places (0.47; 0.20, 0.73) directly associated. For adolescents, eating at home (−0.12; −0.19, −0.05) was inversely associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods, as well as sit-down restaurants (−0.21; −0.38, −0.03). Fast food (0.29; 0.12, 0.47) were directly associated with the consumption of ultraprocessed foods for adolescents. Finally, for adults, sit-down restaurants (−0.13; −0.22, −0.03) showed to be inversely associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods while in fast food restaurants (0.77; 0.38, 1.17) it was directly associated. Our results showed that the eating locations have different impacts on diet quality.

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Eating context and ultraprocessed food consumption among UK adolescents

Cited by 28 publications

References 75 publications

A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms

A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms

Children’s experiences of meals after obesity treatment: a qualitative follow-up four years after a randomized controlled trial

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and the eating location: can they be associated?

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