Eating disorder symptoms among adolescents in the United States and Spain: A comparative study

Raich, Rosa M.; Rosen, James C.; Deus, Joan; Pérez, Olga Gómez; Requena, Antonia; Gross, John M.

doi:10.1002/1098-108x(199201)11:1<63::aid-eat2260110109>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This may make those who are already in the lower end of the normal-weight range to become underweight. The finding for the normal-weight males in this study conforms to those of other authors who found that overestimation of BI is a common finding in the general population 22,23,24 . Indeed, a large percentage of men idealise a heavily muscular, yet lean physique 26,27 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Perceived body image and weight: discrepancies and gender differences among University undergraduates

Maruf¹,

Akinpelu²,

Nwankwo³

2013

Af Hlth Sci

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Background: Body image (BI) is a multidimensional construct that includes perceptual, attitudinal, behavioural components, and feedback from other people's perception of oneself. The feedback from others and the degree to which one accepts or rejects it can determine self evaluation and perception. Body weight perception is a strong determinant of nutritional habits and weight management among adolescents. One of the barriers to reducing rise in obesity prevalence could be its cultural acceptability in some developing countries. Objective: To explore the gender influences on perception of self-and opposite-sex body images (BI), perceived body weight and the actual body weight categories at which discrepancies occur among the perceived BIs in undergraduates. Methods: This was a survey of perceptual dimension of BI, perceived body weight and actual body weight carried out in 121 undergraduates aged 21-29years. Results: Discrepancies occurred between self-perceived BI and each of actual body weight (p= 0.00 at 0.00-0.02 confidence interval (CI)), perceived body weight (p= 0.01 at 0.000-0.02 CI) and self-ideal BI (p= 0.03 at 0.000-0.05 CI) of normalweight males. Self-perceived BI and perceived body weight also differed in normal-weight females (p= 0.02 at 0.000-0.04 CI). Discrepancies (p= 0.02 at 0.00-0.04 CI) occurred between self-perceived BI and self-ideal BI, and between self-perceived BI and desired BI (p= 0.02 at 0.00-0.04 CI) in overweight females. Gender differences occurred for self-ideal BI (p= 0.00 at 0.00-0.02 CI), ideal image for the opposite sex (IBIOS) (p= 0.02 at 0.00-0.04 CI) and desired BI (p= 0.00 at 0.00-0.02 CI). Conclusion: Normal-weight males perceived their BI differently from their actual body weight, perceived body weight and self-ideal BI whereas normal-weight females perceived their BI differently from only their perceived body weight. Discrepancies occur between self-ideal BI and self-perceived BI, and between self-perceived BI and desired BI in overweight females. There are differential perceptions of self-ideal BI, IBIOS and desired BI between males and females.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Perceived body image and weight: discrepancies and gender differences among University undergraduates

Maruf¹,

Akinpelu²,

Nwankwo³

2013

Af Hlth Sci

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“…18 Our results regarding BMI and body self-evaluation are in accordance with international standards (72.9% of the women in our study would like to weigh less). According to the literature, 70% of American women and 48% of Spanish women would like to be thinner, 19 and 50% of Australian women would like to weigh 7 kg less. 20 National studies on the topic have shown that 28.1% of Brazilian medical students feel fat even when they are normal weight 10 ; in addition, two thirds of the population assessed in Pelotas (RS) either would like to weigh less or feel fat, when in fact only one third of 18 -Rev Psiquiatr Rio Gd Sul.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating disorders among health science students at a university in southern Brazil

Pereira

Schuelter-Trevisol

Quevedo

et al. 2011

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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Objectives: To analyze eating disorders among female university students and to assess the frequency of bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, and inappropriate weight loss strategies in this population. Methods: The sample comprised 214 female university students attending different health science programs at a university in southern Brazil, aged over 18 years, assessed using self-administered questionnaires. The 26-item version of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE), and a supplementary questionnaire covering data on weight status and inappropriate weight loss strategies were used to assess dietary abnormalities. Results: Mean age (± standard deviation) was 21±9.93 years, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.1±2.59. Among the respondents, 72.9% said they would like to weigh less, 29% reported the use of different weight loss methods (diuretics were the most common, followed by laxatives, amphetamine-derived drugs, and self-induced vomiting). With regard to EAT-26 scores, 22.4% (95%CI 17.7-27.1) revealed abnormal feeding patterns; BITE indicated that 9.8% (95%CI 6.5-13.1) were at risk for developing bulimia and 36.9% (95%CI 31.5-42.3) required clinical evaluation. Mean BMI was lower among students with normal scores on both tests, but no association was found between BMI and satisfaction with own weight. Conclusion: There was a strong trend toward eating disorders in the health science students assessed, as demonstrated by EAT-26 and BITE scores; inadequate weight loss strategies are frequently used as well. Keywords: Eating disorders, anorexia, bulimia, students, health occupations. ResumoObjetivos: Analisar a presença de transtornos alimentares em universitárias e avaliar a frequência dos quadros de bulimia, anorexia nervosa e estratégias inadequadas para emagrecimento na amostra estudada. Métodos: Foram estudadas 214 universitárias matriculadas em diferentes cursos da área da saúde em uma universidade do sul do Brasil, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos; a avaliação se deu por meio de questionários autoaplicáveis. A frequência de padrões alimentares anormais foi avaliada de acordo com os escores das versões em português do Eating Attitudes Test, versão de 26 itens (EAT-26), do Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE), e um questionário complementar com itens sobre a situação ponderal e estratégias inadequadas utilizadas para emagrecer. Resultados: As estudantes tinham média (± desvio padrão) de idade de 21±9,93 anos e índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio de 21,1±2,59. Entre as participantes, 72,9% afi rmaram que gostariam de pesar menos e 29% relataram o uso de estratégias inadequadas para emagrecer (o uso de diurético foi o mais frequente, seguido de laxantes, derivados de anfetaminas e vômitos induzidos). De acordo com a pontuação do EAT-26, 22,4% das estudantes (IC95% 17,7-27,1) apresentaram padrão alimentar anormal. Já o BITE indicou que 9,8% (IC95% 6,5-13,1) se encontravam no grupo com grande possibilidade de bulimia e 36,9 (IC95% 31,5-42,3) a...

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“…Differences in eating disturbances and BID between the United States and Europe have been sporadically documented (Mangweth, Pope, & Hudson, 1994;Raich et al, 1992), the United States consistently showing higher rates. These differences were initially attributed to variable diagnostic practices rather than to cultural differences between the United States and Europe (Nasser, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural explanations of body image disturbance in western cultural samples

Mautner¹,

Owen²,

Furnham³

2000

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

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Eating disorder symptoms among adolescents in the United States and Spain: A comparative study

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Perceived body image and weight: discrepancies and gender differences among University undergraduates

Perceived body image and weight: discrepancies and gender differences among University undergraduates

Eating disorders among health science students at a university in southern Brazil

Cross-cultural explanations of body image disturbance in western cultural samples

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