Eating Disorders in a Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Population and its Association with Social Anxiety

Abstract

Context: Social anxiety and eating disorders have demonstrated high comorbidity in a Multiple Sclerosis Clinic Population. However, social anxiety has not been directly studied with respect to eating disorders. This study, therefore, was designed to determine the relationship between social anxiety and eating disorders in a multiple sclerosis clinic population. Methods and materials:This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in Kashani Hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2013. 210 adult patients who suffered from multiple sclerosis were selected and completed the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Anxiety Disorder Inventory. SPSS Version 16 software was used to conduct statistical tests including t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results:The results showed that mean and standard deviation of the eating disorder and social anxiety scores were 1.2 ± 0.15 and 17.9 ± 8.5, respectively. Also, 7.2% of multiple sclerosis patients had eating disorder and 39.1% social anxiety disorder. There was a significant positive correlation between the social anxiety score and eating disorder score (r=0.4, p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Our study indicated a significant level of social anxiety and eating disorders in people with multiple sclerosis. Eating disorders in multiple sclerosis patients was strongly related with social anxiety. The findings from this study can assist health care team to pay more attention to social anxiety and eating disorders in people with multiple sclerosis, and also consider their relationship in their evaluations.

Opinion: The role of the registered dietitian nutritionist in multiple sclerosis care in the United States

“…Under the Affordable Care Act , diet counseling must be covered by all marketplace health plans without copay or coinsurance for adults at higher risk for chronic disease. Given the high prevalence of comorbid conditions ( 47 ), malnutrition ( 42 ), and disordered eating ( 27 – 30 ) among people with MS, it is likely that a large proportion may qualify for care, that is covered by insurance, by RDNs who work in a variety of settings including hospitals, clinics, health maintenance organizations, private practice, long-term care facilities, and in community and public health organizations. In addition, treatment by RDNs is cost-effective among people with dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus ( 58 , 64 ).…”

“…For example, the Swank low-saturated fat diet is associated with inadequate intake of vitamins C, A, E, and folate and the Wahls modified Paleolithic diet is associated with inadequate intake of calcium and the vitamins B 12 , D, E, and thiamin among people with MS ( 25 , 26 ). In addition, sparse evidence suggests that 10% of samples of adults with MS suffer from disordered eating ( 27 – 30 ), which is approximately five times higher than the lifetime prevalence among the general U.S. adult population ( 31 ). Given that several surveys show that approximately half of respondents with MS report implementing dietary modifications ( 2 – 5 ), it is possible that many people with MS are at risk for nutrient deficiencies and disordered eating.…”