Eating disorders in athletes: A review of the literature

Byrne, Susan; McLean, Neil J.

doi:10.1016/s1440-2440(01)80025-6

Cited by 168 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Rosen (2002) reported that patients with DE often try to hide their illness but this was not the case in the present study which showed a relatively high prevalence among Singaporean you who were at risk for DE. This is somewhat surprising since athletes who are engaged in competitive sports are reluctant in disclosing their symptoms and behaviour for fear of judgement or adverse consequences in securing their places the team sport and in selection for competition (Byrne & McLean, 2001). The current results are in agreement with the high rates for DE reported for Hong Kong youths (Leung et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Explanations for these observations are that muscularity is associated with being "stronger" for the males while thinness is associated with being "ideal" or "attractive" for the females (Byrne & McLean, 2001). Both male and female athletes might also be pressured from within their sport (speculative in the context of the present study as these data were not collected) to conform to an "ideal" body shape and weight for reasons of athletic performance (Byrne & McLean, 2001). These observations affirm the developmental model of body dissatisfaction, where girls become more body dissatisfied during adolescence as they move away from the thin-ideal through weight gain from growth, and boys becoming more satisfied as they move toward the mesomorphic ideal (Smolak, Levine, & Thompson, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Body weight satisfaction and disordered eating among youth who are active in sport in Singapore

Chia

Lee

2015

PPS

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Abstract. Purpose:The research examined the relationship between body weight satisfaction and disordered eating among youth who are active in sport in Singapore. Method: 137 youths (82 boys and 55 girls; age 12-13) enrolled in school sport completed two self-report questionnaires-SCOFF for disordered eating and body weight satisfaction-on two separate occasions that were six months apart (T1 vs. T2). Results: Body mass index for age classifications revealed that 5.1% were severely underweight; 1.5% underweight; 88.3% acceptable weight; 4.4% overweight and 0.7% were severely overweight. Conclusions: (i) the prevalence of disordered eating was 46% at baseline measurement and this remained stable at 45.3% six months later; (ii) there was no sex difference for disordered eating on the two measurement occasions (T1 vs. T2, p>0.05); (iii) the prevalence of youths unsure of their bodyweight satisfaction was 26.6-21.2% which compared to 88.3% adjudged to be of healthy weight; across T1 and T2, more male subjects wanted to gain bodyweight while more female subjects wanted to lose bodyweight; and (iv) subjects who were dissatisfied with their bodyweight had significantly greater odds of being at risk for developing DE. Holistic education programmes based upon body image and nutrition, are recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Body weight satisfaction and disordered eating among youth who are active in sport in Singapore

Chia

Lee

2015

PPS

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“…However, most of the literature here also focuses on negative aspects of the athlete experience, especially eating disorders (e.g. Byrne & McLean, 2001;Johnson, Powers, & Dick, 1999;Petrie, Greenleaf, Reel & Carter, 2008;Smolak, Murenen, & Ruble, 2000). Findings of other studies with athletes include American cross-country runners reporting a greater degree of body dissatisfaction, more disordered eating patterns, and more concern for weight control (Kieman, Rodin, Brownell, Wilmore, & Camdall, 1992;Parks & Read, 1997); significant differences between American football players' current versus ideal weight, indicating that they want to be heavier than they are currently (Parks & Read, 1997); and American body-builders and weight-lifters being especially susceptible to muscle dysmorphia (Olivarida, 2001).…”

Section: Muscularity In American Sportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscularity Beliefs of Female College Student-Athletes

et al. 2011

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Female athletes in the United States face the paradoxical challenge of acquiring a degree of muscularity to be successful in their sport, yet they also endure pressure from societal expectations of femininity that often don't conform with the notion of muscularity. To address research questions about how female student-athletes balance muscularity and femininity, we conducted a mixed-methods study to examine muscularity beliefs among female student-athletes, female college students, and male college student-athletes. We quantitatively examined Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) scores from 221 participants attending college in the Midwestern US.Results indicated that female student-athletes reported significantly higher DMS scores than female students, but male student-athletes reported the highest DMS scores in the sample.Qualitative results indicated that female student-athletes wanted to be muscular for these reasons: functionality (45%), health (42%), external gratification (21%), internal gratification (18%).

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“…Few differences from the healthy population were found in habits like consumption of alcohol and other toxics. The practice of sport reported by other authors (Rodríguez-Martín et al, 1999;Byrne & McLean, 2001) is only seen in patients with bulimia or higher BMIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of eating disorders in a university hospital-based Spanish population

et al. 2005

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Objective: To describe the personal and family antecedents and clinical characteristics of patients with eating disorders (EDs) in a population of the south of Spain; to analyse the influence of lifestyles, family functioning, socioeconomic status (SES), and psychological characteristics in these processes. Design: A university-based case-control study. Setting: University Hospital (Andalusia, Spain). Subjects: A total of 120 patients with EDs and 240 controls. Interventions: SCOFF, EDI, APGAR family, and SES questionnaires. Results: In all, 67.5% of patients presented anorexia (AN), 15% bulimia (BN), and 17.5% mixed forms. EDs emerged at around 18-20 y (95% CI 17.9-19.8). Factors associated with EDs are psychiatric conditions (depression OR: 4.16, anxiety OR: 4.59), more frequent use of medication (OR: 2.26), dietary fibre (OR: 2.59), and laxatives (OR: 3.47). Toxics consumption, sport activity, SES, and family antecedents of pathology are not associated with EDs. An inverse relationship was found between family functioning and the scores in various subscales of the EDI. Conclusions: Eating disorders in Andalusia (Spain) are influenced significantly more by psychological, family, and cultural factors than by social factors.

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Eating disorders in athletes: A review of the literature

Cited by 168 publications

References 77 publications

Body weight satisfaction and disordered eating among youth who are active in sport in Singapore

Body weight satisfaction and disordered eating among youth who are active in sport in Singapore

Muscularity Beliefs of Female College Student-Athletes

Characteristics of eating disorders in a university hospital-based Spanish population

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