Eating Expectancies in Relation to Eating Disorder Recovery

Abstract

This study examined the relation between eating expectancies, assessed via the Eating Expectancy Inventory, and eating disorder recovery. Individuals formerly seen for an eating disorder were categorized as having an active eating disorder (n = 53), as partially recovered (n = 15), or as fully recovered (n = 20). The expectancies of these groups were compared to each other and to 67 non-eating disorder controls. Results revealed that three of the five eating expectancies differed across groups. Non-eating disorder controls and fully recovered individuals endorsed similar levels of the expectancies that eating helps manage negative affect, eating is pleasurable and useful as a reward, and eating leads to feeling out of control. Partially recovered individuals looked more similar to active eating disorder cases on these expectancies. The other two expectancies did not differ across groups. Results provide some indication that certain eating expectancies may be associated with eating disorder recovery.

Dimensions of Diversity in Sustained Eating Disorder Recovery in Females: A Study of the Predictive Power of Hope, Resilience, and Spirituality

“…There is significant overlap between diagnostic criteria and the EDE-Q items, however, asking participants to recall their most recent symptom experience over a period of several years may not accurately represent their disordered eating history and subsequent recovery. These results align with the current disagreement regarding how to assess recovery both as a construct and specifically to eating disorders (Emanuelli et al, 2012;Fitzsimmons-Craft et al, 2013;Koski-Jannes & Turner, 1999).…”

“…Koski-Jannes and Turner (1999) defined recovery as abstaining from an addiction for three or more consecutive years. With regard to eating disorder recovery, an individual must abstain from (Emanuelli et al, 2012) several dimensions (e.g., behavioral, psychological, physical) of their disorder to attain the status of recovery (Fitzsimmons-Craft et al, 2013).…”

Eating Expectancy as a Moderator of Sociocultural Influence on Bulimic Symptoms among High-Risk Female College Students

“…Specifically, targeting media and peer pressure (the latter may be particularly important for individuals with higher levels of eating expectancy) may be more effective in reducing bulimic symptoms among young females, and intervention to reconstruct eating expectancy may be more beneficial for individuals, especially those exposed to higher levels of stressor in the peer context. For example, fully recovered individuals had low levels of eating expectancy similar to non-eating disorder individuals, whereas partially recovered individuals were still more similar to current eating disorder patients with higher levels of eating expectancy, suggesting the importance of cognitive reconstruction for recovery (Fitzsimmons-Craft et al, 2013).…”

Genetic Correlates as a Predictor of Bariatric Surgery Outcomes after 1 Year

“…These validated scales were used to evaluate psychosocial data related to obesity and eating habits. These reports included: nutrition (Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) [53]; Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait Reduced (FCQ-TR) [54]; Eating Expectancies Inventory (EEI) [55]; food addiction (modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) [56]; binge-eating disorder symptoms (Weight-Influenced Self-Esteem Questionnaire (WISE-Q) [57]; depression and anxiety (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale) (DERS) [58]; Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESDS) [59], and chronic stress and life quality (Chronic Stress Index (CSI) [60]; sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [61]. This methodology was utilized as previously described [62].…”