Eating when depressed, anxious, bored, or happy: Are emotional eating types associated with unique psychological and physical health correlates?

Braden, Abby; Musher‐Eizenman, Dara R.; Watford, Tanya S.; Emley, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.02.022

Cited by 168 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Emotions serve as a common trigger for binge episodes [54,55], having this relation been proven in several studies [56][57][58]. The results of a recent study showed that eating due to positive and negative emotions was significantly related to binge-eating, restrained eating, and preoccupation with body image and weight [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Emotional Determinants on the Food Choices of the Portuguese

Guiné

Ferrão

Correia

et al. 2019

EUREKA: Social and Humanities

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Food choices are influenced by many factors, such as emotional. When people eat, driven by emotional factors, they often lose control, which may lead to eating disorders. Therefore, this work aimed at studying the influence that emotional determinants had on people's food choices. It was undertaken a descriptive cross-sectional study by means of a questionnaire on a non-probabilistic sample of 1314 participants. The data was collected among a sample of the Portuguese population and measured if people´s food choices were influenced by emotional determinants. The results revealed that the participants' food choices were, in general, slightly influenced by emotional determinants (mean scores between-0.5 and 0.5, on a scale from-2 to +2). There were found significant differences in all of the variables under study. The participants, who already experienced an episode of binge-eating, were the ones that obtained the highest mean score (0.63±0.79), meaning that in this case those participants' food choices were influenced by emotional determinants. These results support the premise that emotional determinants are influenced by the characteristics of each individual and also the existence of a positive association between emotional eating and the presence of eating disorders, especially, binge-eating.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Emotional Determinants on the Food Choices of the Portuguese

Guiné

Ferrão

Correia

et al. 2019

EUREKA: Social and Humanities

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“…In a clinical study of adults with obesity who were enrolled in a weight centre programme, patients with major depressive disorder lost less weight than non-depressed patients [33]. Depression is often accompanied by increased or decreased appetite [34,35], negative thinking, low motivation, decreased selfesteem, and fatigue [35], which may adversely impact adherence to treatment. In the current study, boys-but not girls-with good treatment results were at lower risk of anxiety and depression compared to peers with poor treatment response.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden

Lindberg¹,

Hagman²,

Danielsson³

et al. 2020

BMC Med

169

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Background: Anxiety and depression are more common in children with obesity than in children of normal weight, but it is unclear whether this association is independent of other known risk factors. Interpretation of results from previous studies is hampered by methodological limitations, including self-reported assessment of anxiety, depression, and anthropometry. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity increases the risk of anxiety or depression independently of other risk factors in a large cohort of children and adolescents, using robust measures with regard to exposure and outcome. Methods: Children aged 6-17 years in the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS, 2005-2015) were included (n = 12,507) and compared with a matched group (sex, year of birth, and area of residence) from the general population (n = 60,063). The main outcome was a diagnosis of anxiety or depression identified through ICD codes or dispensed prescribed medication within 3 years after the end of obesity treatment. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from Cox proportional models were adjusted for several known confounders. Results: Obesity remained a significant risk factor for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents after adjusting for Nordic background, neuropsychiatric disorders, family history of anxiety/depression, and socioeconomic status. Girls in the obesity cohort had a 43% higher risk of anxiety and depression compared to girls in the general population (adjusted HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.31-1.57; p < 0.0001). The risk in boys with obesity was similar (adjusted HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.20-1.48; p < 0.0001). In sensitivity analyses, excluding subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders and a family history of anxiety/depression, the estimated risks in individuals with obesity were even higher compared with results from the main analyses (adjusted HR [95% CI]: girls = 1.56 [1.31-1.87], boys = 2.04 [1.64-2.54]). Conclusions: Results from this study support the hypothesis that obesity per se is associated with risk of both anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.

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“…Stressful and fearful situations are associated with a variety of behavioral responses, with con icting coping strategies, such as overeating or under eating [17]. Some individuals tend to overeat in response to emotional triggers, which leads to more concerns and self-evaluation of body weight or shape [18]. During con nement, people tend to eat as they are not aware of their actual body weight and shape; they are rather busy with food, which leads to changes in dieting behaviors, and thus a higher disturbance in body weight [19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between eating behavior and quarantine/confinement stressors during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak

Haddad

kheir

Zakhour

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Quarantine/confinement is an effective measure to face the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Consequently, in response to this stressful situation, people confined to their homes may change their everyday eating behavior. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to evaluate the association between quarantine/confinement stressors and eating behavior during the COVID-19 outbreak. The secondary objective is to evaluate the association of quarantine/ confinement stressors and eating behavior amongst two groups of participants selected from the population: individuals attending diet clinics and individuals who are not attending diet clinics.Method: A cross-sectional web-based online survey carried out between April 3 and 18, 2020, enrolled 407 participants from the Lebanese population. Eating Disorder Examination – Questionnaire (EDE-Q) were used to measure the behavioral features of eating disorders. Results: More than half of the sample (53.0%) abide to the home quarantine/confinement, 95.4% were living with someone in the quarantine/confinement and 39.6% continued to work from home. Using the lower scores as reference group, higher fear of COVID-19 was found in 182 (44.8%) participants, higher boredom in 200 (49.2%) participants, higher anger in 187 (46.3%) and higher anxiety in 197 (48.5%) participants. A greater fear of COVID-19 (Beta=0.02), higher BMI (Beta=0.05), and physical activity (Beta=1.04) were significantly associated with a higher restraint score. Higher anxiety, higher fear of COVID-19, higher BMI, practicing physical exercise and higher number of adults living in the quarantine/confinement were significantly associated with a higher shape and weight concern. Conclusion: Our results showed that the fear of COVID-19 was correlated with more restraint eating, weight, and shape concern in the whole sample and more specifically in the dietitian clients group. Public health control measures are needed to define factors of eating disorders during the quarantine/confinement period related to the COVID-19 outbreak.

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Eating when depressed, anxious, bored, or happy: Are emotional eating types associated with unique psychological and physical health correlates?

Cited by 168 publications

References 45 publications

Influence of Emotional Determinants on the Food Choices of the Portuguese

Influence of Emotional Determinants on the Food Choices of the Portuguese

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden

Association between eating behavior and quarantine/confinement stressors during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak

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