Eccentric and concentric isokinetic knee flexion and extension: a reliability study using the Cybex 6000 dynamometer.

Li, R C; Wu, Yi Long; Maffulli, Nicola; Chan, Kai-Ming; Chan, Julie L C

doi:10.1136/bjsm.30.2.156

Cited by 126 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…22,24 There were indications of a learning effect for all concentric measurements but not for the eccentric measurements. The d values were positive for all concentric measurements and for five of the eight measurements, zero was not included in the 95%…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22,23 Previous studies of the test-retest reliability of concentric knee extension peak torque measurements at 30º/s to 120º/s in chronic stroke patients (n=9 to 20) have also found high ICC values (0.81 to 0.99). [12][13][14][15] In three of these studies the reliability of concentric knee flexion peak torque measurements (60º/s and 120º/s) were evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

What change in isokinetic knee muscle strength can be detected in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke?

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To assess the intra-rater (between occasions) test-retest reliability of isokinetic knee muscle strength measurements in subjects with chronic poststroke hemiparesis and to define limits for the smallest change that indicates real (clinical) improvements for stroke patients. Subjects: Fifty men and women (mean age 589±6.4 years) 6=±46 months post stroke, able to walk at least 300 m with or without a unilateral assistive device. Methods: Maximal concentric knee extension and flexion contractions at 608/s and 1208/s, and maximal eccentric knee extension contractions at 608/s, with the paretic and nonparetic limbs, were performed seven days apart using a Biodex dynamometer. Measures: Reliability of the maximum peak torque measurements was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1), the Bland and Altman analyses, the standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM%) and the smallest real difference (SRD and SRD%). Results: Test retest agreements were high (ICC2,1 0.89-0.96) with no discernible systematic differences between limbs, angular velocities and modes. The SEM%, representing the smallest change that indicates a real (clinical) improvement for a group of subjects, was relatively small (8-20%). The SRD%, representing the smallest change that indicates a real improvement for a single subject ranged from 26% to 33% for concentric knee extension, from 39% to 55% for concentric knee flexion, and from 22% to 25% for eccentric knee extension. Conclusion: Isokinetic knee muscle strength can be reliably measured and used to detect real improvements following an intervention for single subjects as well as for groups of subjects with chronic mild to moderate hemiparesis after stroke.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What change in isokinetic knee muscle strength can be detected in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke?

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Measurements made with an isokinetic (ICC ranged from 0.83 to 0.97) 12,14,15 or handheld (ICC = 0.90) 22 dynamometer have been reported to have similar or slightly higher levels of reliability. The only previous study, to our knowledge, that examined the reliability of between-limb eccentric knee flexor strength ratios using an isokinetic dynamometer reported a lower test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.69) 12 than that reported in this study (average peak force with bilateral testing, ICC = 0.85).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Device Using the Nordic Hamstring Exercise to Assess Eccentric Knee Flexor Strength: A Reliability and Retrospective Injury Study

Opar¹,

Piatkowski²,

Williams³

et al. 2013

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

198

248

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hamstring strain injury (HSI) is the most common injury type in a number of sports 4,9,17 and is notorious for its high recurrence rate. A high proportion of HSIs are thought to occur during the terminal swing phase of high-speed running, 5 when the hamstrings are required to perform a forceful eccentric contraction. 20,23 Lower eccentric knee flexor strength has been reported as a risk factor for future HSI,8,19 indicating the importance of eccentric strength for HSI avoidance. 3,18 Further, previously strained hamstrings display reduced levels of eccentric knee flexor strength compared to those in the uninjured contralateral limb, 7,13 which may partially explain why a previous HSI is the primary risk factor for future injury. 2Currently, the gold standard measure for the assessment of eccentric knee flexor strength is isokinetic dynamometry. 1 However, this technique is limited by the high cost of the device and, therefore, its lack of widespread availability. Although handheld dynamometers have become a popular field-based alternative, they require operator skill and strength to collect reliable and valid data. 22The purposes of this investigation were (1) to determine if a novel device, designed to measure eccentric knee flexor strength via the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), would display acceptable test-retest reliability; (2) to determine normative values for eccentric knee flexor strength derived from the device in in-T T STUDY DESIGN: Reliability and case-control injury study. T T OBJECTIVES:To determine if a novel device designed to measure eccentric knee flexor strength via the Nordic hamstring exercise displays acceptable test-retest reliability; to determine normative values for eccentric knee flexor strength derived from the device in individuals without a history of hamstring strain injury (HSI); and to determine if the device can detect weakness in elite athletes with a previous history of unilateral HSI. T T BACKGROUND: HSI and reinjury are the most common cause of lost playing time in a number of sports. Eccentric knee flexor weakness is a major modifiable risk factor for future HSI. However, at present, there is a lack of easily accessible equipment to assess eccentric knee flexor strength. T T METHODS:Thirty recreationally active males without a history of HSI completed the Nordic hamstring exercise on the device on 2 separate occasions. Intraclass correlation coefficients, typical error, typical error as a coefficient of variation, and minimal detectable change at a 95% confidence level were calculated. Normative strength data were determined using the most reliable measurement. An additional 20 elite athletes with a unilateral history of HSI within the previous 12 months performed the Nordic hamstring exercise on the device to determine if residual eccentric muscle weakness existed in the previously injured limb. T T RESULTS:The device displayed high to moderate reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.83-0.90; typical error, 21.7-27.5 N; typical error as a coefficient of varia...

show abstract

“…In addition, excellent test-retest reliability has been achieved for flexion and extension motions of the ankle, knee and hip when using healthy adult individuals without any known pathology. [24][25][26][27] Given the number of factors which have been shown to influence the reliability of isokinetic measurements (e.g., type of muscle contraction, 28 test velocity, 28 order of test velocity, 29 body position and stabilization, [30][31][32] and verbal encouragement 33 ), the protocol should be standardized in order to allow consistent estimation of the force output 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of lower extremity strength measures in persons with chronic stroke

Eng

Kim

MacIntyre

2002

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-To determine the reliability of isokinetic concentric strength measures of both the hemiparetic and non-involved limbs for flexion and extension motions of the hip, knee, and ankle joints in individuals who have had a stroke.Design-Test-retest, repeated-measures intraobserver reliability design. Setting-Tertiary rehabilitation center.Participants-20 community-dwelling individuals who have had a stroke, with motor deficits ranging from 3 to 6 on the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment; volunteer sample. Interventions-Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures-Peak torque and average torque (ie, mean over the range of motion tested) from an ensemble-averaged (three trials) torque-angle curve during isokinetic concentric extension and flexion movements of the ankle, knee, and hip.Results-Although peak and average torque were significantly less for the hemiparetic limb compared with the non-involved limb, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between the two test sessions were high (0.95-0.99 for peak torque, 0.88-0.98 for average torque) for both limbs for all 3 joints. However, there was a learning effect, as observed by the slightly greater values attained from the second test session.Conclusions-Peak and average isokinetic torque can be used to assess reliably lower extremity strength in persons with chronic stroke. Practice sessions may be required before the actual test to reduce the effect of learning.

show abstract

Eccentric and concentric isokinetic knee flexion and extension: a reliability study using the Cybex 6000 dynamometer.

Cited by 126 publications

References 28 publications

What change in isokinetic knee muscle strength can be detected in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke?

What change in isokinetic knee muscle strength can be detected in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke?

A Novel Device Using the Nordic Hamstring Exercise to Assess Eccentric Knee Flexor Strength: A Reliability and Retrospective Injury Study

Reliability of lower extremity strength measures in persons with chronic stroke

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About