Eccentric contractions leading to DOMS do not cause loss of desmin nor fibre necrosis in human muscle

Yu, Ji-Guo; Malm, Christer; Thornell, Lars‐Eric

doi:10.1007/s00418-002-0423-1

Cited by 107 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Consequently, we question the importance of inflammation to the adaptation process after eccentric exercise in humans. In that sense, our findings are in agreement with other human studies where signs of myofibrillar remodelling have been observed, without leukocytes detectably present during the first days after eccentric exercise (Feasson et al, 2002;Yu et al, 2002).…”

Section: Nsaids Inflammation and The Repeated-bout Effectsupporting

confidence: 94%

A COX‐2 inhibitor reduces muscle soreness, but does not influence recovery and adaptation after eccentric exercise

Paulsen

Egner

Drange

et al. 2010

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

104

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor on the recovery of muscle function, inflammation, regeneration after, and adaptation to, unaccustomed eccentric exercise. Thirty-three young males and females participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment. Seventy unilateral, voluntary, maximal eccentric actions with the elbow flexors were performed twice (bouts 1 and 2) with the same arm, separated by 3 weeks. The test group participants were administered 400 mg/day of celecoxib for 9 days after bout 1. After both bouts 1 and 2, concentric and isometric force-generating capacity was immediately reduced (approximately 40-50%), followed by the later appearance of muscle soreness and increased serum creatine kinase levels. Radiolabelled autologous leukocytes (detected by scintigraphy) and monocytes/macrophages (histology) accumulated in the exercised muscles, simultaneously with increased satellite cell activity. These responses were reduced and recovery was faster after bout 2 than 1, demonstrating a repeated-bout effect. No differences between the celecoxib and placebo groups were detected, except for muscle soreness, which was attenuated by celecoxib. In summary, celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, did not detectably affect recovery of muscle function or markers of inflammation and regeneration after unaccustomed eccentric exercise, nor did the drug influence the repeated-bout effect. However, it alleviated muscle soreness.

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Section: Nsaids Inflammation and The Repeated-bout Effectsupporting

confidence: 94%

A COX‐2 inhibitor reduces muscle soreness, but does not influence recovery and adaptation after eccentric exercise

Paulsen

Egner

Drange

et al. 2010

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

104

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“…Our morphological findings are consistent with previous findings in human experiments (Yu et al, 2002), although recently Koskinen et al (2006) have found some loss of dystrophin from human subjects after eccentric actions. The diverse occurrence in morphological damage of muscle tissue in animal and human studies can probably be explained by the nature of the exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This is not always the case in human studies. Yu et al (2002) did not recognize sarcolemmal disturbance, loss of desmin or muscle cell degeneration after eccentric muscle actions. Recently Koskinen et al (2006) have observed some loss of dystrophin also in some human subjects after eccentric actions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Molecular adaptations of voltage‐gated sodium ion channel related proteins after fatiguing stretch‐shortening cycle exercise

Piitulainen¹,

Kivelä²,

Komi³

et al. 2008

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Dystrophin associated protein alpha-syntrophin is known to interact with voltage-gated sodium ion channel (NaCh). Dystrophin is known to be sensitive to eccentric muscle actions. For this reason, the function of the NaChs might also be affected. Molecular adaptations of dystrophin, alpha-syntrophin and NaChs were investigated after fatiguing stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercise, which consisted of unilateral jumps on a sledge apparatus. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle of eight healthy subjects immediately after (IA) and 2 days after (2D) the exercise to analyze mRNA levels and immunohistochemical staining patterns. SSC exercise resulted in decreased isometric maximal voluntary contraction (IA: -31+/-9%, 2D: -14+/-16%) and a delayed increase of plasma creatine kinase activity (2D: +178+/-211%). Despite muscle soreness (P<0.001), no morphological damage was observed and no changes were found in the mRNA concentrations. However, the relative changes of the mRNA concentrations of alpha-syntrophin and NaChs were highly correlated (r=0.93, P<0.001) 2D after SSC exercise. This consistent pattern of mRNA regulation may imply a functional relationship between these two proteins. In addition, the current experiment emphasises high inter-individual variation in molecular responses to heavy exercise.

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“…In contrast, studies on humans after voluntary eccentric exercise revealed no [5], [6], [20], [21], [22], [23] or only minor damage [10], [24] in muscle fibre membrane. To our knowledge, no data is available in humans with regard to the initial reactions of muscle fibre membrane to acute voluntary eccentric exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Passive manipulation and active movement alter intramuscular pressure and stimulate mechanoreceptor nerve endings, contributing to the perception of soreness [4]. However, recent studies in humans provided evidence which did not support the hypothesis, e.g., voluntary eccentric exercise did not lead to desmin intermediate filament network hydrolysis [5], [6], myofibrillar disruption [5], [7] or muscle fibre inflammation and necrosis [5], [6], [8], [9], [10]. The Z-band streaming, classically proposed to be a hallmark of muscle damage after eccentric exercise [11], [12] was also proved to represent myofibril remodelling [7], [13], [14], [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Evaluation of Sarcolemma Injury and Muscle Swelling in Human Skeletal Muscles after Eccentric Exercise

Liu

Carlsson

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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The results regarding the effects of unaccustomed eccentric exercise on muscle tissue are often conflicting and the aetiology of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) induced by eccentric exercise is still unclear. This study aimed to re-evaluate the paradigm of muscular alterations with regard to muscle sarcolemma integrity and fibre swelling in human muscles after voluntary eccentric exercise leading to DOMS. Ten young males performed eccentric exercise by downstairs running. Biopsies from the soleus muscle were obtained from 6 non-exercising controls, 4 exercised subjects within 1 hour and 6 exercised subjects at 2–3 days and 7–8 days after the exercise. Muscle fibre sarcolemma integrity, infiltration of inflammatory cells and changes in fibre size and fibre phenotype composition as well as capillary supply were examined with specific antibodies using enzyme histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Although all exercised subjects experienced DOMS which peaked between 1.5 to 2.5 days post exercise, no significant sarcolemma injury or inflammation was detected in any post exercise group. The results do not support the prevailing hypothesis that eccentric exercise causes an initial sarcolemma injury which leads to subsequent inflammation after eccentric exercise. The fibre size was 24% larger at 7–8 days than at 2–3 days post exercise (p<0.05). In contrast, the value of capillary number per fibre area tended to decrease from 2–3 days to 7–8 days post exercise (lower in 5 of the 6 subjects at 7–8 days than at 2–3 days; p<0.05). Thus, the increased fibre size at 7–8 days post exercise was interpreted to reflect fibre swelling. Because the fibre swelling did not appear at the time that DOMS peaked (between 1.5 to 2.5 days post exercise), we concluded that fibre swelling in the soleus muscle is not directly associated with the symptom of DOMS.

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Eccentric contractions leading to DOMS do not cause loss of desmin nor fibre necrosis in human muscle

Cited by 107 publications

References 42 publications

A COX‐2 inhibitor reduces muscle soreness, but does not influence recovery and adaptation after eccentric exercise

A COX‐2 inhibitor reduces muscle soreness, but does not influence recovery and adaptation after eccentric exercise

Molecular adaptations of voltage‐gated sodium ion channel related proteins after fatiguing stretch‐shortening cycle exercise

Re-Evaluation of Sarcolemma Injury and Muscle Swelling in Human Skeletal Muscles after Eccentric Exercise

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