ECG Changes During Long-term Minoxidil Therapy for Severe Hypertension

Hall, Donald W.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1979.03630440052018

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…During the first 2 weeks of treatment with minoxidil, ST segment depression and T wave flattening or inversion are present on electrocardiography in as many as 90% of patients 4,11,34 . After several months of therapy the abnormalities may spontaneously resolve.…”

Section: Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Vasodilators and their Role in Hypertension Management: Minoxidil

Sica

Gehr

2001

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Minoxidil is a direct vasodilator that has been in use for over two decades. It is used primarily to reduce blood pressure in hypertensives who have been poorly controlled on various multidrug regimens. Although minoxidil is extremely effective, its usefulness is limited by its tendency to increase the pulse rate and to trigger salt and water retention. The latter may be incapacitating in some patients. Therefore, minoxidil is typically administered with both a diuretic and an agent that can control the pulse rate, such as a beta blocker. Minoxidil has several other side effects that may limit its use, including hypertrichosis, aggravation of myocardial ischemia and/or left ventricular hypertrophy, and (infrequently) pericardial effusions. If a patient's hypertensive pattern is sufficiently severe to warrant contemplation of minoxidil therapy, referring the patient to a hypertension specialist should be strongly considered. (c) 2001 by LeJacq Communications, Inc.

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Section: Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Vasodilators and their Role in Hypertension Management: Minoxidil

Sica

Gehr

2001

J of Clinical Hypertension

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“…When pericardial effusion is suspected, EKG should be performed. In earlier studies, EKG changes, such as ST-segment depression and T-wave flattening and inversion, were reported in up to 90% of patients in the first 2 weeks of minoxidil treatment for hypertension [26,30]; basic blood chemistry and chest X-rays were largely within normal range. In our study, no SAEs were found and low-dose oral minoxidil was generally well-tolerated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Minoxidil 5 mg Once Daily in the Treatment of Male Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia: An Open-Label and Global Photographic Assessment

Panchaprateep

Lueangarun

2020

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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Introduction: Oral minoxidil is an antihypertensive vasodilator known to stimulate hair growth. The use of low-dose oral minoxidil for the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is receiving increasing attention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral minoxidil for the treatment of male AGA. Methods: This was an open-label, prospective, single-arm study. Thirty men aged 24-59 years with AGA types III vertex to V were treated with oral minoxidil 5 mg once daily for 24 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by hair counts, hair diameter measurements, photographic assessment, and self-administered questionnaire. The safety of the treatment was closely monitored by means of physical examinations and laboratory investigations. Results: There was a significant increase in total hair counts from baseline at weeks 12 (mean change ? 26, range 182.5-208.5 hairs/ cm 2) and 24 (mean change ? 35.1, range 182.5-217.6 hairs/cm 2) (both p = 0.007). Photographic assessment of the vertex area by an expert panel revealed 100% improvement (score [ ? 1), with 43% of patients showing excellent improvement (score ? 3, 71-100% increase). The frontal area also showed a significant response but less than that of the vertex area. Common side effects were hypertrichosis (93% of patients) and pedal edema (10%). No serious cardiovascular adverse events and abnormal laboratory findings were observed. Conclusion: Oral minoxidil 5 mg once daily effectively increased hair growth in our male patients with AGA and had a good safety profile in healthy subjects. However, oral minoxidil should be used carefully with men who have severe hypertension and increased risk for cardiovascular events.

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“…Moreover, the possibility should be considered that adrenergic activation might facilitate myocardial ischemia. The mechanism of persistent or transient ischemic electrocardiographic alterations [7,14] despite adequately controlled blood pressure in some patients as well as the development of myocardial lesions in the experimental animal [8] has not been clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catecholamines, renin, aldosterone, and blood volume during chronic minoxidil therapy

Meier¹,

Weidmann²,

Ziegler³

1981

Klin Wochenschr

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Several pressor factors were studied before and during chronic minoxidil therapy (median dose 27.5 mg/day) in 16 patients with hypertension that was refractory to conventional drugs. Following treatment with minoxidil and intensified diuretic therapy, blood pressure was decreased markedly; pulse rate, body weight, plasma volume, plasma aldosterone and epinephrine levels were not significantly altered, while plasma renin activity tended to be increased. Supine and upright plasma norepinephrine concentrations were increased by 140 (P less than 0.005) and 50% (P less than 0.05), respectively, but no significant change in urinary norepinephrine excretion was apparent. The latter parameter may not be a close index of sympathetic activity in patients with severe hypertension treated with minoxidil. While a search for underlying pheochromocytoma is always indicated in refractory hypertension, it appears mandatory to evaluate plasma catecholamines prior to or following discontinuation of treatment with minoxidil, to avoid a wrong diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

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ECG Changes During Long-term Minoxidil Therapy for Severe Hypertension

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Direct Vasodilators and their Role in Hypertension Management: Minoxidil

Direct Vasodilators and their Role in Hypertension Management: Minoxidil

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Minoxidil 5 mg Once Daily in the Treatment of Male Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia: An Open-Label and Global Photographic Assessment

Catecholamines, renin, aldosterone, and blood volume during chronic minoxidil therapy

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