Echinococcus granulosus in Portugal: The first report of the G7 genotype in cattle

Beato, Sílvia; Parreira, Ricardo; Roque, Cláudio; Silva, Liliana; Maurelli, Maria Paola; Cringoli, Giuseppe; Grácio, Maria Amélia Afonso

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.08.021

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…On the other hand, in South America which has a common perpetuation of E. granulosus G1, this sequence pattern has been so far only found in sheep from Brazil [39], and in cattle from Argentina [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

et al. 2016

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Open Life Sci. 2016; 11: 524-532 while infections with E. granulosus s.s. which are highly infectious for humans are more commonly encountered in Romania and Hungary.Keywords: Echinococcus granulosus, genotype, DNA sequences, human, pig, central-eastern Europe IntroductionThe larval stages of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) are the causative agents of cystic echinococcosis (CE), one of the most important cestode infections causing morbidity and mortality in humans and significant economic losses in livestock. Around one million or more people are currently suffering from CE globally and the financial burden of the disease on the livestock industry is substantial, with up to two billion dollars lost annually [1]. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have revealed that E. granulosus is a complex of spesies/genotypes with at least five different species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (genotypes G1-G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5), Echinococcus canadensis (G6-G10), and Echinococcus felidis ("lion strain") [2][3][4].CE remains one of the most important helminth zoonoses in many regions of Europe, especially the Mediterranean littoral (Spain, Italy, Greece and Turkey) and southeastern countries such as Bulgaria and Romania. The disease seems to be less prevalent in the UK, Central Europe, the Baltic States and the Scandinavian countries [5,6]. Surveys that addressed the incidence of CE over the last decade from central-eastern Europe has reported a relatively greater incidence in Romania (average incidence annual rate was 0.29 per 100,000 population) and Ukraine (0.30), whereas in Hungary (0.07), Poland (0.08) and Slovakia (0.10) lower numbers of human cases were documented [7]. This also is due to the fact that E. granulosus s.s., which is responsible for the majority Abstract: Central-eastern Europe is an endemic region for cystic echinococcosis where multiple species of intermediate hosts are commonly infected with Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato tapeworms of major medical and veterinary importance. Investigations of the genetic variation of 25 Echinococcus isolates from five countries (Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine, Hungary, Poland) were undertaken using three mitochondrial DNA markers. The 18 isolates from pigs derived from Slovakia and Ukraine and the four human isolates from Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine were identified as E. canadensis G7, whereas the three human isolates from Romania and Hungary were classified as E. granulosus sensu stricto G1. This study reports the first confirmed human case of E. granulosus s.s. in Hungary. The haplotype G7A with two polymorphic sites relative to the most common regional variant of E. canadensis G7 was recorded in both pigs from Ukraine and in a single pig isolate from Slovakia. The results of this study support the circumstantial evidence that E. canadensis G7 with low infectivity for humans is highly prevalent in the northern parts of the region (Poland, Slovakia, forest-steppe zone of Ukraine),

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

et al. 2016

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“…(2017). The isolates of E. granulosus recovered in the present study are more closely (99%) related to the G7 genotype strain reported from hydatidosis of cattle in Portugal (Beato et al ., 2013). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first documented report of the G7 genotype strain of E. granulosus from any intermediate host in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydatidosis in slaughtered sheep and goats in India: prevalence, genotypic characterization and pathological studies

2019

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The present study determined the prevalence of hydatid cysts in different organs of slaughtered hilly ‘Gaddi’ breed small ruminants—sheep (n = 230) and goats (n = 197)—in Kangra Valley of the north-western Himalayas, India. Hydatid cysts were found in 12.2% (n = 28) of sheep and 10.7% (n = 21) of goats. Pulmonary echinococcosis was more prevalent in slaughtered sheep and goats (sheep 56.36%; goats 62.90%) than hepatic echinococcosis (sheep 43.64%; goats 37.10%). Fertility rates were higher in hepatic (81.25%) and pulmonary cysts of sheep (83.87%) compared to goats. Molecular identification and genotypic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus isolates were based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene (mtCO1). The genotypic characterization identified the isolated strain to be closely related to the G7 genotype. Histopathological examination revealed a thick coat of granulation tissue, causing fibrosis and inflammatory reaction composed of fibroblasts and mononuclear cells around the cysts. In the liver, hepato-cellular degeneration was prominent at the periphery of the cysts. The present study highlights the molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis of E. granulosus isolates with the prevalence of hydatidosis in a naïve host species and in an unexplored region. The findings are of significant medical and veterinary importance regarding development of control measures to check dissemination of hydatidosis.

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“…Moreover, the third cerebral cyst (MH010313, ST3) and an Indian isolate (DG269944) had one nucleotide difference. The sequences of the fourth brain cyst (MH010310), in addition to the cyst isolated from a patient's spleen (MH010308), were completely identical (ST5) with the sequences of hydatid cysts isolated from cattle (EU178104; Vural et al ., 2008), buffalo from Turkey (HM598459; Beyhan & Umur, 2011) and sheep from Portugal (HF947559; Beato et al ., 2013). These isolates were identified as genotype G1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in table 4, it is to be noted that concerning the reports on the genotyping of Echinococcus from different parts of the world, G6, G3 and G2 genotypes have a higher tendency towards non-hepatopulmonary organs, whereas only 30.7% of hydatid cysts of brain, kidneys and abdominal and peritoneal cavities have been identified as G1 genotypes of E. granulosus (Beato et al ., 2013; Sadjjadi et al ., 2013; Sharma et al ., 2013; Karamian et al ., 2017; Shirmen et al ., 2018). Brain and kidneys were the organs with the highest variety of parasite genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of unusually located hydatid cysts isolated from humans in north-east Iran

et al. 2019

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Despite several studies conducted to determine the genotypes of cystic echinococcosis (CE) agents in humans and other intermediate hosts, the relationship between parasite genotype and clinical presentation of hydatidosis is yet to be well defined. The aim of this study was to compare the genotypes/haplotypes of CE agents of human extra-hepatopulmonary hydatid cysts and common hydatid cysts of the liver. A comparative analysis was carried out between partial cox1 sequences of ten extra-hepatopulmonary hydatid cysts, two liver cysts and reliable sequences from the GenBank database. All the studied hydatid cysts had the Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G2-G3) genotypes. The liver CE cysts were caused by common G1 genotype, while six of the extra-hepatopulmonary cysts had genotypes different from common G1 cysts. The sequences of these six isolates were identical to the G2 and G3 genotypes of E. granulosus sensu stricto; the kidney and peritoneum cysts and most of the brain cysts were identified as G2 genotype, while G3 genotype was only reported in a cyst belonging to the pelvic region. Given the observed differences between the sequences of hydatid cysts, it seems that the replacement of hydatid cysts in organs other than the liver and lungs can be related to their genotypes and probably intra-genotypic characteristics. It was hypothesized that in each geographic area, less frequent genotypes were likely to be more consistent with placement in the host's unusual organs.

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Echinococcus granulosus in Portugal: The first report of the G7 genotype in cattle

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

Hydatidosis in slaughtered sheep and goats in India: prevalence, genotypic characterization and pathological studies

Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of unusually located hydatid cysts isolated from humans in north-east Iran

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