Echinococcus granulosus : praziquantel treatment against the metacestode stage

Abstract

The efficacy of praziquantel against the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus was studied by means of in vitro incubations or in vivo experiments. The results of in vitro incubations indicated that the effectiveness of praziquantel was higher when the parasite material comprised cysts from cyst masses than in the case of intact cysts that retained their adventitial layer. Ultrastructural alterations in the germinal layer of collapsed cysts incubated in vitro were detected. The results obtained in mice after 4 months of treatment demonstrated no significant difference between the control and treated groups with regard to the number and wet weight of developed cysts. However, ultrastructural alterations were detected in the cyst tissue that were similar to those described in the in vitro experiment. In contrast, the effect of chemoprophylaxis on the number and the wet weight of developed cysts was extremely significant as compared with the control value, the efficacy being 99.41% and 98.32%, respectively. Moreover, ultrastructural observations of the cyst tissue revealed loss of its integrity, and no intact cyton was observed in the germinal layer of the developed cyst.

Sensitive In Vitro System To Assess Morphological and Biochemical Effects of Praziquantel and Albendazole on Taenia solium Cysts

“…Various degrees of enhanced activity ranging from synergy/addition to partial enhancement were found. Although this is the first in vitro demonstration of enhanced activity of combination therapy using T. solium larval cysts in vitro, enhanced activity has been described in the cestodes T. crassiceps (16) and E. granulosus and E. multilocularis in vitro (12,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), as well as in imperfect human case series against E. granulosus in vivo (8,33). Kaur et al found enhanced but nonsignificant decrease in estimated time to clearance of single enhancing lesions using combined therapy in NCC compared to single therapy in India T. crassiceps has been used in vitro and in vivo to evaluate effectiveness of cysticidal drugs.…”

Biological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Aspects of Echinococcosis, a Zoonosis of Increasing Concern

“…In mice, treatment with high doses of praziquantel (600 mg/kg of body weight/day on 5 days per week) for 4 months did not significantly influence established E. granulosus cysts. When the same treatment was initiated 43 h after intraperitoneal application of protoscoleces, a high prophylactic effect was achieved, as indicated by a 99% reduction in cyst numbers (208). However, the drug doses used in this experiment are much higher than those used in humans (e.g., for a Schistosoma mansoni infection, a single dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight was recommended).…”

Praziquantel-Dymethylsuifoxide Solution: The Side Effect on Hepato-biliary System (An Experimental Study)

“…In systemic usage of , praziquantel, minimal increases in liver enzymes have been reported in 3.31 to 27% of patients. So, praziquantel should not be given to patients who previously have shown hypersensitivity to the drug or high hepatic enzymes levels [5,7]. Although praziquantel in dymethylsulfoxide solution has been used for a long time in medical treatment of hydatid cyst, intraoperative use has not been reported.…”