Echinococcus granulosus: Secretory activity of the rostellum of the adult cestode in situ in the dog

Biology and Systematics of Echinococcus

“…rostellum (Smyth, 1964a;Thompson et al, 1979;Thompson and Eckert, 1983, Figs 3 and 4). However, subsequent studies demonstrated that E. multilocularis can differentiate sexually in monophasic media (without a solid serum base) (Howell and Smyth, 1995;Smyth and Davies, 1975;Smyth, 1979) suggesting that the stimulus for strobilate development must be more complex than previously thought (Constantine et al, 1998;Thompson et al, , 2006.…”

“…Activity then declines as energy reserves are replenished, accounting for a lag phase in growth during the first 3 days of infection in dogs (Thompson, 1975 ½Q9 ). Developing worms attach mainly by grasping substantial plugs of tissue with their suckers Thompson et al, 1979;Thompson and Eckert, 1983, Fig. 3).…”

“…Between 20 and 35 days after infection, respectively, E. multilocularis and E. granulosus are found in a position characteristic of the mature worm. The rostellum is deeply inserted into a crypt of Lieberkuhn with the mobile apical rostellar region usually fully extended, the hooks superficially penetrating the mucosal epithelium and the suckers grasping the epithelium at the base of the villi Thompson et al, 1979;Thompson and Eckert, 1983, Figs 3 and 4). Invasion of the crypts of Lieberkuhn by the mature worm is of particular physiological significance to Echinococcus.…”

Echinococcus as a model system: biology and epidemiology

“…They have considerable 299 proliferative potential Mehlhorn et al, 1983; 300 Galindo et al, 2003;Martínez et al, 2005), and are the only prolif-301 erating cells in Echinococcus (Koziol et al, 2014). This is particularly neous morphogenesis (Smyth, 1969 (Smyth, 1964;Smyth et al, 1969;Thompson et al, 1979; 340 Thompson and Eckert, 1983;Fig. 2).…”

“…2). The rostellar gland releases 341 secretory material by a holocrine process into the interface 342 between parasite and host (Thompson et al, 1979 (Thompson et al, 1979;Herbaut et al, 1988 (Zhang et al, 2006;Petavy et al, 2008;Torgerson, 2009; 381 Kouguchi et al, 2013). The studies by Petavy et al (2008) infected immunosuppressed rodents (Kamiya and Sato, 1990a,b) 397 were regarded as an important breakthrough (Howell and Smyth,398 1995; Thompson, 1995 become a model system for carbohydrate chemistry (Diaz et al,406 2011a,b; Parkinson et al, 2012).…”