Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in conscious and anesthetized mice

Yang, Xiao Ping; Liu, Yun He; Rhaleb, Nour Eddine; Kurihara, Nobutaka; Kim, Henry E.; Carretero, Oscar A.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.5.h1967

Cited by 278 publications

(336 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Echocardiographic results in this study show significant structural alterations of the LV during the remodeling evolution process 25 . The LVMI decreased in the CG as of the 12 th week due to the increase of the rats' body weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Currently, the most viable and feasible way to assess diastolic function is by analyzing transmitral flow speed during the initial stage of left ventricle's diastolic filling, represented by E-wave, and of the ventricular filling during atrial contraction, expressed by A-wave. Values related to the E/A ration, the E-wave deceleration time and to the isovolumetric relaxation time (LV-IVRT) 25 may be found in a similar way. Upon observation of smaller E-wave and E/A ratio values, compared to the control group, there is suggestion of presence of diastolic dysfunction 37 .…”

Section: Weeksmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Remodelamento cardíaco: análise seriada e índices de detecção precoce de disfunção ventricular

Mendes¹,

Campos²,

Damatto³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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Background: Supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) is used to study overload-induced cardiac remodeling (CR). In this model, neither CR behavior since beginning stage nor the best parameters to identify ventricular dysfunction are clearly stated.Objective: ) Characterizing, early and evolutively, morphological and functional modifications during CR in rats with SVAS and ) identifying the most sensitive index for detecting the moment when the diastolic and systolic dysfunction first appeared in the left ventricle (LV). Methods IntroductionCardiac remodeling (CR) refers to an alteration in gene expression in response to an aggression, resulting in molecular changes, cellular changes and myocardial interstitial alterations, expressed in variations of the heart size, shape and function 1 . This is also a mechanism in adaptation to hemodynamic overload, allowing the heart to keep its functions in view of load increase 2-4 . This is deemed as a risk factor for development of ventricular dysfunction and heart failure (HF) 5 .Several experimental models have been proposed for the study of CR due to pressure overload, such as supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) in rats [6][7][8] . When young animals are subject to aortic constriction, pressure overload is low at the beginning, being increased proportionally with their growth. SVAS advantages are: gradual development of CR, associated in short term to the improvement of systolic function; absence of severe lesions in myocardial anatomy; and low maintenance cost 9 . Around the 20 th week of SVAS, deterioration of systolic performance and HF [10][11][12][13] begin. This model is partially similar to SVAS in men 11 .Experiments in our lab with rats with SVAS assessed morphological and functional cardiac aspects, by means of echocardiogram (ECHO), in different periods of CR, finding out supranormal systolic function in 6 th or 8 th week 4,9,12 , diastolic dysfunction as of the 12nd week 9 and deterioration of systolic performance in the 21 st week. This last group of animals also had signs of heart failure 9 . Some authors, using hemodynamic evaluation, verified increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure after the 6 th week -in contrast, evaluation of diastolic function by means of ECHO has been found inaltered 13 . Litwin et al 8 assessed rats with SVAS by means of ECHO during 6 th , 12 th and 18 th weeks, and observed diastolic dysfunction as of the 6 th week and deterioration of systolic performance in the 18 th week.Analysis of mentioned studies has shows controversial results and absence of evaluation in an earlier post-induction of SVAS. The study aimed at characterizing, early and evolutively, Original ArticleArq Bras Cardiol 2010; 94(1) : 59-66

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Weeksmentioning

confidence: 60%

Remodelamento cardíaco: análise seriada e índices de detecção precoce de disfunção ventricular

Mendes¹,

Campos²,

Damatto³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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“…Pentobarbital has been shown to alter cardiac hemodynamics and performance in mice, 19 Fig . 2 Box-plot graph depicting myocardial infarct size as a percentage of the left ventricular area at risk in the control (CON), intralipid (IL), and emulsified isoflurane 2 ml kg -1 (EIso) groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protective effects of emulsified isoflurane on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats

Luo

Liu

2008

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose Pretreatment with volatile anesthetics has been demonstrated to exert cardioprotective effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of emulsified isoflurane, a new formulation of isoflurane in lipid emulsion, administered intravenously in an ischemia and reperfusion model of myocardial injury. Methods Thirty-two Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes were subjected to 30 min of myocardial ischemia followed by 180 min of reperfusion. Each was assigned to one of four pretreatment groups to receive an isovolumetric intravenous infusion of saline: control group, 30% intralipid group, 8% emulsified isoflurane 2 ml kg -1 group, and sham group (each group, n = 8). The vehicles were administered at a constant rate for 30 min and then discontinued 30 min before left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. The cardioprotective effects were examined by determining hemodynamics, infarct size, enzyme activity, and cardiomyocytic apoptosis. Results Pretreatment with emulsified isoflurane 2 ml kg -1 (P = 0.000) significantly reduced infarct size (22.6 ± 2.2%) compared with control (34.8 ± 2.3%) and 30% intralipid (31.1 ± 2.9%). When compared with the control and intralipid groups, emulsified isoflurane increased Bcl-2 expression while decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 expression and enhancing Bcl-2/Bax ratios. The apoptotic index in the emulsified isoflurane treatment group showed a significant reduction compared with that in the control group (P = 0.000) and the intralipid group (P = 0.001). In addition, the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase were markedly reduced in the emulsified isoflurane treatment group compared with the control and intralipid groups (lactate dehydrogenase, P = 0.015 vs. control; creatine kinase, P = 0.000 vs. control and intralipid). Conclusion These data support a cardioprotective effect of intravenous emulsified isoflurane against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury, which are mediated, at least in part, by the inhibition of apoptosis and cell damage. RésuméObjectif Il a e´te´de´montre´que les agents anesthe´siques volatils exercent un effet cardioprotecteur lorsqu'ils sont administre´s en traitement pre´ventif. L'objectif de cette e´tude e´tait d'examiner l'effet d'une e´mulsion d'isoflurane, une nouvelle formulation d'isoflurane en e´mulsion lipidique, administre´e par voie intraveineuse dans un mode`le d'ische´mie reperfusion de le´sion myocardique. Méthode Trente-deux rats Sprague Dawley des deux sexes ont e´te´soumis a`30 min d'ische´mie myocardique suivie de 180 min de reperfusion. Chaque rat a e´te´rand-omise´dans l'un des quatre groupes de pre´traitement suivants, recevant tous une perfusion intraveineuse isovolume´trique de solution saline : groupe te´moin, groupe intralipide 30%, groupe e´mulsion d'isoflurane 8% 2 mL kg -1 , et groupe sans intervention (pour chaque groupe, n = 8). Les ve´hicules ont e´te´administre´s à un taux constant durant 30 min puis interrompu 30 min avant l'occlusion de l'arte`re coronaire descendante ante´rieure

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“…The pattern of LV remodeling was determined using LVMI and RWT considering normal values of Indian Asian males -118/0.50 and Indian Asian females-107/0.47 residing in U.K. Normal geometry (NG) has been considered when both values of LVMI and RWT are within normal limits (males -118/0.50; females-107/0.47), whereas concentric remodeling (CR)-normal LVMI and increased RWT (males -118/ >0.50; females-107/ >0.47), eccentric hypertrophy (EH)-increased LVMI and normal RWT (males >118/ 0.50; females >107/ 0.47), whereas concentric hypertrophy (CH)-both LVMI and RWT are increased (males >118/ >0.50; females >107/ >0.47) [36,37].…”

Section: Appendix Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Prehypertension on Left Ventricular Structure, Function and Geometry

Garg

Goel

2014

JCDR

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Background: Awareness of prevalence, determinants, and prognosis of asymptomatic untreated prehypertension is still lacking especially in India and subcontinent. The present study was to assess the effects of prehypertension on structure, function and geometrical pattern of left ventricle on the basis of left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass indexed to height (LVMI/Ht), and relative wall thickness (RWT) recorded by echocardiography based on the American society of echocardiography (ASE) convention.

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Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in conscious and anesthetized mice

Cited by 278 publications

References 23 publications

Remodelamento cardíaco: análise seriada e índices de detecção precoce de disfunção ventricular

Remodelamento cardíaco: análise seriada e índices de detecção precoce de disfunção ventricular

The protective effects of emulsified isoflurane on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats

Impact of Prehypertension on Left Ventricular Structure, Function and Geometry

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