Echocardiographic Characteristics of Annulo-Leaflet Mitral Ring

Abstract

The morphology of ALMR as evaluated by echocardiography is heterogeneous and can be classified on the basis of lesion location and leaflet involvement. Intraleaflet morphology is associated with significant mitral stenosis; younger age at diagnosis and short chordae are associated with ALMR resection.

Neonatal Blues: Cyanosis and Failure to Thrive in a Newborn

“…Thirty-two patients underwent surgical SMR resection. Of those 32, 22 patients had prior non-mitral valve surgery, including VSD closure in four and coarctation repair in 16 [6]. In a different single-center review of 27 pediatric patients who underwent surgery for SMR as the primary cause for significant mitral stenosis, the mean age at the time of surgery was 3.9 years.…”

Tetralogy of Fallot associated with supramitral ring: “Paying for a near miss”

“…The supramitral ring (SMR) is associated with other congenital heart diseases in more than 90% of cases [1]. The incidence of mitral valve abnormality associated with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is 0.4% [2].…”

Rare Combination of Pathologies Causing Mitral Stenosis and Mitral Regurgitation: A Case Report

“…Also referred to as annulo-leaflet mitral ring, it is classified either as annular or as intraleaflet type. 1 A cleft in MV is a slit-like defect in the leaflet and is a common association with atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs). However, MV cleft in the absence of AVSD, also called as “isolated cleft” is rare and can be associated with variable severity of mitral regurgitation.…”