echocardiographic measures in 6 to 7 year old children after an 8 month exercise program

Development of the left ventricular hypertrophy and dilation in adolescent ice hockey players evaluated with echocardiography

“…The pattern of left ventricular adaptational modeling with reference to the different hemodynamic conditions of specific sports training is of special interest. Few echocardiographic data are available regarding the cardiovascular effect of physical training on the young athlete who is still maturing biologically and physically (Csanady et al, 1986;Dybner and Koltun, 1986;Geenen et al, 1982;Gončarova, 1988). Allen et al (1977) and Geenen et al (1982) observed, in young athletes, a significant thickening of the ventricular wall without a significant enlargement of the cavity dimension.…”

“…Few echocardiographic data are available regarding the cardiovascular effect of physical training on the young athlete who is still maturing biologically and physically (Csanady et al, 1986;Dybner and Koltun, 1986;Geenen et al, 1982;Gončarova, 1988). Allen et al (1977) and Geenen et al (1982) observed, in young athletes, a significant thickening of the ventricular wall without a significant enlargement of the cavity dimension. This finding differs from similar studies in the adult endurance athlete in whom left ventricular 177 Downloaded by [Deakin University Library] at 03:58 15 March 2015 enlargement is the most consistent structural alteration.…”

Health-Related Physical Fitness in Childhood: Status and Recommendations

“…A variety of positive outcomes were reported, including improvements in PWC and skinfolds (25), performance on distance runs (22,71,23,72), increases in minutes of elevated heart rates during PE (5 1) and during the total day (34), and increases in MVPA during PE (56) and changes in content ofPE classes favoring aerobic and general fitness (74).…”

“…Two studies (22,23) noted some initial resistance by children to the intensity of the program. Two studies (71,34) provided evidence that the amount of MVPA children obtain outside school was not negatively affected by increased activity at school. One study (74) provided evidence of implementation and included a discussion of PE teacher training.…”

Cardiac dimensions, physical activity, and submaximal working capacity in youth of the Québec Family Study

“…Although the results of some studies indicate that cardiac dimensions are greater in young athletes than in non-athletes (Allen et al 1977;Hollman and Bouchard 1970;Medved et al 1986), others have not found such dierences (Rowland et al 1994;Telford et al 1988). The results of short-term (2±8 months) endurance training programs have demonstrated either increases (Geenan et al 1982) or no signi®cant changes (Ekblom 1967;Ricci et al 1982) in cardiac dimensions in younger subjects. It has also been found that when age and/or body size are considered in analyses of the relationship between cardiac dimensions and aerobic capacity, cardiac dimensions were of minimal importance in determining aerobic capacity in children and adolescents (Blimkie et al 1980;Bouchard et al 1977;Janz et al 1996).…”