Echocardiography of the mitral valve in aortic valve disease.

Aortic Intramural Hematoma and Its Complications

“…Compared with patients with mild premature mitral valve closure, those with more severe premature mitral valve closure show greater elevations in left ventricular diastolic pressure and volume and may be marginally compensated. 13,14 IMH caused by PAU is also susceptible to complications of PAUs, including overt aortic dissection, pseudoaneurysm formation, and rupture into the pericardial sac leading to hemorrhagic pericardial or pleural effusion. 10 PAU is responsible for 2% to 7% of patients with acute aortic syndromes, and the rupture rate has been reported as high as 38% for PAUs presenting as acute aortic syndrome.…”

Acute Aortic Regurgitation

“…Premature mitral valve closure is mild (grade I) when coaptation of the anterior and posterior mitral leaflets occurs at or before the initial inscription of the QRS (ie, up to 50 ms before the Q wave but after the P wave); premature mitral valve closure is very marked (grade II) when the mitral valve closes very prematurely, up to 200 ms before the Q wave. 3 Such patients, in comparison with those with grade I premature mitral valve closure, exhibit extreme elevations in LVDP and volume, and may be only marginally compensated ( Figure 1A).…”

Echocardiography of valve disease

“…Secondary effects may be obvious in some cases; for example fine fast vibration of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve may be caused by the jet of aortic regurgitation and this can sometimes be recorded on M-mode tracings. 9 Left ventricular cavity size and wall motion may be altered by volume overload and, of course, specific pathology affecting the aortic valve itself may be identified. In the latter case vegetations or prolapse of the aortic valve may be seen and will often indicate the presence of regurgitation (Fig.…”