Echoplanar BOLD fMRI of Brain Activation Induced by Concurrent Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Bohning, Daryl E.; Shastri, Ananda; Nahas, Ziad; Lorberbaum, Jeffrey P.; Andersen, Stig W.; Dannels, W.; Haxthausen, E.-U.; Vincent, Diana J.; George, Mark S.

doi:10.1097/00004424-199806000-00004

Cited by 203 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The sensitivity of the electrophysiological signal appears su¤cient to combine fMRI with normal event-related brain potentials. Transcranial magnetic stimulation has also been combined with fMRI (Bohning et al 1998;Josephs et al 1998b). This will allow the direct determination of the haemodynamic response resulting from transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked neuronal activity and for transient dysfunction to be introduced during the course of an fMRI experiment.…”

Section: Future Directions Of Fmri Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional magnetic resonance imaging: imaging techniques and contrast mechanisms

Howseman

Bowtell

1999

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a widely used technique for generating images or maps of human brain activity. The applications of the technique are widespread in cognitive neuroscience and it is hoped they will eventually extend into clinical practice. The activation signal measured with fMRI is predicated on indirectly measuring changes in the concentration of deoxyhaemoglobin which arise from an increase in blood oxygenation in the vicinity of neuronal ¢ring. The exact mechanisms of this blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast are highly complex. The signal measured is dependent on both the underlying physiological events and the imaging physics. BOLD contrast, although sensitive, is not a quanti¢able measure of neuronal activity. A number of di¡erent imaging techniques and parameters can be used for fMRI, the choice of which depends on the particular requirements of each functional imaging experiment. The high-speed MRI technique, echo-planar imaging provides the basis for most fMRI experiments. The problems inherent to this method and the ways in which these may be overcome are particularly important in the move towards performing functional studies on higher ¢eld MRI systems. Future developments in techniques and hardware are also likely to enhance the measurement of brain activity using MRI.

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Section: Future Directions Of Fmri Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional magnetic resonance imaging: imaging techniques and contrast mechanisms

Howseman

Bowtell

1999

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…The voltages induced in the TMS coil by the MR gradients were measured using the approach described in (15). To test for torque reactions, the TMS coil was manually held in the scanner bore at several different orientations and fired at 100% output intensity.…”

Section: Tests On Safety and Subject Comfortmentioning

confidence: 99%

New coil positioning method for interleaved transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/functional MRI (fMRI) and its validation in a motor cortex study

Moisa

Pohmann

Ewald³

et al. 2008

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To develop and test a novel method for coil placement in interleaved transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/functional MRI (fMRI) studies. Materials and Methods:Initially, a desired TMS coil position at the subject's head is recorded using a neuronavigation system. Subsequently, a custom-made holding device is used for coil placement inside the MR scanner. The parameters of the device corresponding to the prerecorded position are automatically determined from a fast structural image acquired directly before the experiment. The spatial accuracy of our method was verified on a phantom. Finally, in a study on five subjects, the coil was placed above the cortical representation of a hand muscle in M1 and the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responses to short repetitive TMS (rTMS) trains were assessed using echo-planar imaging (EPI) recordings. Results: :The spatial accuracy of our method is in the range of 2.9 Ϯ 1.3 (SD) mm. Motor cortex stimulation resulted in robust BOLD activations in motor-and auditoryrelated brain areas, with the activation in M1 being localized in the hand knob. Conclusion:We present a user-friendly method for TMS coil positioning in the MR scanner that exhibits good spatial accuracy and speeds up the setup of the experiment. The motor-cortex study proves the viability of the approach and validates our interleaved TMS/fMRI setup.

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“…To probe the integrity of these circuits, we applied a series of single pulses of TMS to the MPFC and the DLPFC in the MRI scanner. This interleaved TMS/BOLD imaging technique leads to a momentary elevation of BOLD signal in the cortex directly affected by the induced electrical field (MPFC and DLPFC), as well as areas monosynaptically connected to the site (Baudewig et al, 2001;Bestmann et al, 2003;Bestmann et al, 2005;Bohning et al, 1999;Bohning et al, 2000a;Bohning et al, 1998;Bohning et al, 2000b). Although this technique does not likely reflect how a circuit is organically activated when engaged in a task, it is an informative hybrid between pure resting state and pure task-based imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilization of Medial and Lateral Frontal-Striatal Circuits in Cocaine Users and Controls: An Interleaved TMS/BOLD Functional Connectivity Study

Hanlon

Dowdle

Moss

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The integrity of frontal-striatal circuits is an area of great interest in substance dependence literature, particularly as the field begins to develop neural circuit-specific brain stimulation treatments for these individuals. Prior research indicates that frontal-striatal connectivity is disrupted in chronic cocaine users in a baseline (resting) state. It is unclear, however, if this is also true when these circuits are mobilized by an external source. In this study, we measured the functional and structural integrity of frontal-striatal circuitry involved in limbic arousal and executive control in 36 individuals-18 cocaine-dependent individuals with a history of failed quit attempts and 18 age-matched controls. This was achieved by applying a transcranial magnetic stimulation to the medial prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 10) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lateral Brodmann 9) while participants rested in the MRI scanner (TMS/BOLD imaging). Relative to the controls, cocaine users had a lower ventral striatal BOLD response to MPFC stimulation. The dorsal striatal BOLD response to DLPFC stimulation however was not significantly different between the groups. Among controls, DLPFC stimulation led to a reciprocal attenuation of MPFC activity (BA 10), but this pattern did not exist in cocaine users. No relationship was found between regional diffusion metrics and functional activity. Considered together these data suggest that, when engaged, cocaine users can mobilize their executive control system similar to controls, but that the 'set point' for mobilizing their limbic arousal system has been elevated-an interpretation consistent with opponent process theories of addiction.

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Echoplanar BOLD fMRI of Brain Activation Induced by Concurrent Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Abstract: Concurrent TMS stimulation and echoplanar BOLD fMRI imaging is possible. This method has potential for tracing neural circuits with brain imaging, as well as investigating the effects of TMS.

Cited by 203 publications

References 10 publications

Functional magnetic resonance imaging: imaging techniques and contrast mechanisms

Functional magnetic resonance imaging: imaging techniques and contrast mechanisms

New coil positioning method for interleaved transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/functional MRI (fMRI) and its validation in a motor cortex study

Mobilization of Medial and Lateral Frontal-Striatal Circuits in Cocaine Users and Controls: An Interleaved TMS/BOLD Functional Connectivity Study

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