Eco-evolutionary significance of 'loners'

Rossine, Fernando W.; Martínez-García, Ricardo; Sgro, Allyson E.; Gregor, Thomas; Tarnita, Corina E.

doi:10.1101/508507

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The two community-level metrics, mean coexistence time and species extinction 345 probabilities, provide important information about the diversity of the community at 346 different scales [36]. From a metapopulation perspective, each model realization 347 performed to obtain these observables can be related to the dynamics taking place 348 within distinct local regions, known as patches.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The fraction of patches occupied only by preys is given by 360 (1 − β)(1 − P (t)), and the fraction of patches in which overexploitation has caused prey 361 extinction is given by β(1 − P (t)). Hence, the mean coexistence time T and the prey 362 extinction probability β quantify the diversity of the community at different 363 spatiotemporal scales [33,36,38], that might serve as important guides for the design of 364 ecosystem management protocols [38,39]. 365 Since we were interested in studying whether the spatial coupling between mobility 366 and perception could lead to an eco-evolutionary feedback when both processes occur at 367 comparable time scales [14,15], we kept all the characteristic time scales of the system 368 fixed, except those related to diffusion and the evolutionary dynamics of perceptual 369 ranges.…”

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Spatial eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediate coexistence in prey-predator systems

Colombo

Martínez-García

López

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Eco-evolutionary frameworks can explain certain features of communities in which ecological and evolutionary processes occur over comparable timescales. Here, we investigate whether an evolutionary dynamics may interact with the spatial structure of a prey-predator community in which both species show limited mobility and predator perceptual ranges are subject to natural selection. In these conditions, our results unveil an eco-evolutionary feedback between species spatial mixing and predators perceptual range: different levels of mixing select for different perceptual ranges, which in turn reshape the spatial distribution of prey and its interaction with predators. This emergent pattern of interspecific interactions feeds back to the efficiency of the various perceptual ranges, thus selecting for new ones. Finally, since prey-predator mixing is the key factor that regulates the intensity of predation, we explore the community-level implications of such feedback and show that it controls both coexistence times and species extinction probabilities. 2 that ecological and evolutionary changes occur on very different time scales, the connection between ecology and evolution 3 is unidirectional, with the former driving the later. Therefore, the first attempts to explain species coexistence neglected the 4 role of evolutionary processes and relied exclusively on ecological factors, such as species neutrality 1 , frequency-dependent 5 interactions 2 , and environmental heterogeneity, either in space or in time [3][4][5][6][7] . 6 More recently, however, evidences that ecological and evolutionary processes can occur at congruent time-scales have been 7 found 8-10 . This result suggests that both processes can affect each other and establish 'eco-evolutionary feedbacks' (EEFs) that 8 may alter the ecological dynamics and the stability of communities. Due to rapid evolution, the frequency of the genotypes and 9 their associated phenotypes may change, within a population, as fast as ecological variables, such as population sizes or spatial 10 distributions, and affect their dynamics. In turn, these new ecological configurations can redirect the evolutionary process [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . 11 The consequences of these EEFs at the community level have been studied mainly in single-species populations and simple 12 two-species communities 13 . In prey-predator systems, empirical studies have shown that both prey and predator traits can 13 evolve over ecological time scales, leading to EEFs that alter some features of the dynamics of both populations 18, 19 . For 14 instance, in a rotifer-algal system, rapid prey evolution induced by oscillatory predator abundance can drive antiphase in 15 prey-predator cycles 14 . Theoretical investigations have also suggested that prey-predator coevolution can induce a rich set of 16 behaviors in population abundances, including reversion in the predator-prey cycles 20 . Another family of studies has focused 17 on the role of EEFs on the stability of the community, showing tha...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Spatial eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediate coexistence in prey-predator systems

Colombo

Martínez-García

López

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The action of selection on properties of isolated cells has been so far largely overlooked when considering the evolution of social traits, with the notable exception of the role of 'loner' cells [25,52,53]. Here, we showed that properties of isolated cells can be important not only in fluctuating environments, where different behavioural patterns are effective in hedging cells' bets in front of unpredictable selective pressures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Evolving social behaviour through selection of single-cell adhesion in Dictyostelium discoideum

Adiba

Forget

Silvia

2021

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The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum commonly forms chimeric fruiting bodies by aggregation of different strains. Genetic variants that produce a higher proportion of spores are predicted to undercut multicellular organization unless cooperators assort positively. Cell adhesion is considered a primary factor driving such assortment, but evolution of adhesion has not been experimentally connected to changes in social performance. In this study we modified by experimental evolution the properties of individual cells, selecting for higher and lower adhesion to substrate. We then quantified the effects of these changes on cell-cell adhesion, development, and social behaviour. Unlike strains selected based on relative reproductive success in the social stage, we found that in binary chimeras both derived strains produce a smaller fraction of spores than the ancestor. Thus, evolution appears to have produced social cooperators. Examination of development revealed that this is however achieved via two opposed paths. Cells selected to be more adhesive to the substrate disproportionately contribute to the structural stability of fruiting bodies, as one would expect for cooperators. On the contrary, less adhesive cells behave as cheaters that undermine their own success more than that of the ancestor. These differences are reflected by a metric for social success that generalizes the classically used variation in frequency during the multicellular phase. Our work shows that cell mechanical interactions can constrain evolution of development and assortment in chimeras, and calls for integrating cell-level processes in conceptualizing the emergence of multicellular organization.

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