Eco-Friendly and Efficient Extraction of Polysaccharides from Acanthopanax senticosus by Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent

Abstract

A green extraction method was developed using deep eutectic solvent extraction for the polysaccharide from Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus). Among the eight types of DES prepared, the DES with a ratio of 1:4 L-malic acid to L-proline was found to be a suitable extraction solvent based on the extraction efficiency. The extraction parameters were optimized by Plackett–Burman and response surface methodology (RSM). The best extraction conditions were found for L-malic acid. Under the conditions of an L-malic acid/L-proline ratio of 1:4, ultrasonic power of 240 W, material–liquid ratio of 31.068 g/mL, water content of 32.364%, extraction time of 129.119 min, and extraction temperature of 60 °C, the extraction rate of A. senticosus polysaccharides was 35.452 ± 0.388 mg-g−1. This rate was higher than that of polysaccharides obtained by hot water extraction (13.652 ± 0.09 mg-g−1). The experimental results were best fitted by the quasi-secondary kinetic model when compared to two other kinetic models. Electron microscopic observations showed that DESs were more destructive to plant cells. The polysaccharide extracted from DESs had more monosaccharide components, a lower molecular weight, a higher antioxidant capacity, and superior anti-glycation activity compared to polysaccharides extracted from water (ASPS-PW). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of DESs in obtaining polysaccharides from A. senticosus.

Extraction, Characterisation and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Probiotic Growth Potential of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Ulva rigida Macroalgae

“…The data obtained indicate that higher extraction temperatures lead to a significant increase in polysaccharide yields, as a result of enhanced dissolution [ 10 ]. One of the main advantages of this extraction method is that it is simple and cost-effective [ 38 ]. According to the findings in Table 9 , hot-water extraction at 90 °C for 2 h provides a significantly higher yield compared to using an 80% ethanol solution at 73 °C for 2 h and 6 min.…”

Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression and intestinal flora in broiler by deep eutectic solvent extracted polysaccharides of Acanthopanax senticosus

“…Based on the results of previous studies, ASPS-PD were prepared using a deep eutectic method under optimal extraction conditions ( 30 ). Malic acid: proline = 1: 4 was used as the extraction solvent, and the extraction of ASPS-PD was carried out under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 240 W, material-liquid ratio of 31 g/mL, water content of 32%, extraction time of 129 min and extraction temperature of 60°C.…”

Optimization of Flavonoid Extraction from Abelmoschus manihot Flowers Using Ultrasonic Techniques: Predictive Modeling through Response Surface Methodology and Deep Neural Network and Biological Activity Assessment

“…The response surface model (RSM) deploys mathematical models to delineate the relationship between the input variables and resultant responses, consequently enhancing the extraction efficiency through experimental design and result analysis. RSM further provides insight and prognostication regarding experimental outcomes, affording researchers a comprehensive understanding of the impact of each parameter on the yield of the target compounds [ 14 ]. This methodology has widespread applications in process optimization across diverse domains.…”