Eco‐friendly dyeing of cotton using waste‐derived natural dyes and mordants

Abstract

Because of the environmental burden of synthetic dyes, there has been a revival in practising natural dyeing globally. Natural dyeing uses metallic mordants for improving the dye's fastness properties. However, metallic mordants are also toxic. Herein, both the dyes and mordants were extracted from plant waste using water as a green solvent. The extracted dyes were then applied to the cotton fabric using a natural mordant. The dyed fabric samples were characterised for colour yield, fastness properties, ultraviolet protection and antibacterial activity. For the intended purpose, the wastes of sugarcane bagasse, wheat bran and rice husk were used for dye and mordant extraction. It was found that by increasing the extraction temperature from 30 to 60°C, the dye yield increased. From the K/S values, it was observed that premordanting gave better colour strength than post‐mordanting or meta‐mordanting. The overall ratings for washing and crocking were 3‐4 and 4‐5, respectively. No significant antibacterial activity was observed in the dyed samples. However, excellent ultraviolet protection was observed.

Bio-mordants: a review

“…Figure 7 shows a potential process for cationizing cotton (step 1), interacting tamarind shell with cationized cotton during pre-mordanting (step 2), and reacting marzangoosh molecules with tamarind hull-treated cotton strands (step 3) (Baseri 2022b ). Nazir et al ( 2022 ) used sugarcane meal, wheat bran, and rice husk as natural dyes and Tamarindus indica L. seed coat extract as a bio-mordant to dye cotton fabric in their study. It has been stated that colors with sufficient fastness can be obtained in light yellow and beige tones.…”

Enhancing wool dyeing with clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum) based natural dye via microwave treatment using a central composite design

“…8 The revival of eco-friendly plant extracts as colorants has gained momentum in recent years due to the numerous advantages offered by natural dyes. 9 These colorants, derived from plant sources, present a promising alternative to synthetic dyes, imbuing textiles with unique, soft, and soothing shades. Beyond their esthetic appeal, certain natural dyes also possess additional benefits, such as anti-allergic properties, making fabric contact with the skin safer and healthier.…”

Green dyeing is all-natural, fabric, dye and mordent

“…So natural dye is considered a topic of international interest as it is biodegradable, non toxic, easily available, have lots of medical properties and also have wide range of shades of various hues 4 . It was one of the oldest techniques which recorded the civilization of the ancient people 5 .these records were found in many countries such as Egypt, India and, Chain which had been exclusively done with natural colourants. 6 , 7 , 8 Where does the importance of natural dyes come from these days?…”