Heterocyclic chemistry is the interesting area for the effective approach and for the invention of biologically active 1,3,4-oxadiazole cores. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole is a five membered heterocyclic ring which plays key role in the development of new medicinal species for the treatment of numerous diseases. Hence, nowadays researchers have developed the innovative methods for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives and their medicinal applications. Therefore, results of recent developments in the synthesis and biological applications of 1,3,4-oxadiazole candidates over the past 15 years (2005-2019) are reviewed in the present article. The information in the present article may be useful to many researchers which lead to exploration of new therapeutic species for the society.