Ecobiotherapy Rich in Firmicutes Decreases Susceptibility to Colitis in a Humanized Gnotobiotic Mouse Model

Natividad, Jane M.; Sánchez, María Inés Pinto; Galipeau, Heather J.; Jury, Jennifer; Jordana, Manel; Reinisch, Walter; Collins, Stephen M.; Bercík, P; Surette, Michael G.; Allen‐Vercoe, Emma; Verdú, Elena F.

doi:10.1097/mib.0000000000000422

Cited by 96 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Gut microbiota transplantation to GF or antibiotictreated animals is a powerful approach to verify causality of gut microbiota in a broad range of diseases (Bercik et al, 2011;Goodrich et al, 2014;Natividad et al, 2015). However, due to the need for strict containment of each human donor microbiota in separate isolators, it is a challenge for many studies to reach a representative amount of donors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental spread of microbes impacts the development of metabolic phenotypes in mice transplanted with microbial communities from humans

et al. 2016

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Microbiota transplantation to germ-free animals is a powerful method to study involvement of gut microbes in the aetiology of metabolic syndrome. Owing to large interpersonal variability in gut microbiota, studies with broad coverage of donors are needed to elucidate the establishment of human-derived microbiotas in mice, factors affecting this process and resulting impact on metabolic health. We thus transplanted faecal microbiotas from humans (16 obese and 16 controls) separately into 64 germ-free Swiss Webster mice caged in pairs within four isolators, with two isolators assigned to each phenotype, thereby allowing us to explore the extent of microbial spread between cages in a well-controlled environment. Despite high group-wise similarity between obese and control human microbiotas, transplanted mice in the four isolators developed distinct gut bacterial composition and activity, body mass gain, and insulin resistance. Spread of microbes between cages within isolators interacted with establishment of the transplanted microbiotas in mice, and contributed to the transmission of metabolic phenotypes. Our findings highlight the impact of donor variability and reveal that inter-individual spread of microbes contributes to the development of metabolic traits. This is of major importance for design of animal studies, and indicates that environmental transfer of microbes between individuals may affect host metabolic traits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental spread of microbes impacts the development of metabolic phenotypes in mice transplanted with microbial communities from humans

et al. 2016

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“…In this study, we observed that the intestinal microbiome community underwent obvious changes after ginseng administration, including increases in Firmicutes and decreases in Bacteroidales and Verrucomicrobia . It was reported that certain Gram-negative phyla (e.g., Bacteroidales and Verrucomicrobia ) promote tumorigenesis while certain Gram-positive phyla (e.g., Firmicutes ) have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic properties (18, 39). We observed that ginseng treatment effectively restored the enteric microbiome community to a healthy state, and protected against pathological processes (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

American Ginseng Attenuates Colitis-Associated Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice: Impact on Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2016

Cancer Prevention Research

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and development. In this study the effects of American ginseng on chemically-induced colitis and colon carcinogenesis were evaluated using an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model. During the acute phase on day 15, the oral administration of ginseng (15 and 30 mg/kg/day) significantly suppressed AOM/DSS-induced colitis, as demonstrated by the disease activity index and colon tissue histology. During the chronic phase in week 13, AOM/DSS-induced tumor multiplicity was significantly suppressed by ginseng. Ginseng significantly attenuated the increase of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF. Serum metabolomics data in the PCA plots showed good separation between the AOM/DSS model and ginseng-treated mice, and the most important endogenous metabolite changes were identified. The 16S rRNA data showed that after AOM/DSS, the microbiome community in the model group was obviously changed, and ginseng inhibited these changes. Fecal metabolomics analysis supported these findings. In conclusion, oral ginseng significantly decreased AOM/DSS-induced colitis and colon carcinogenesis by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, and restoring the metabolomic and microbiota profiles accordingly. Selective endogenous small molecules could be used as biomarkers to elucidate the effects of ginseng treatment.

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“…For instance, one study applying hma mice revealed that distinct microbial communities of the intestinal microbiota that had been derived from preterm infants differentially affected intestinal epithelial development with pivotal effects on developmental, defensive, and physiological processes within the intestinal epithelium [3]. In another report, germfree mice were reconstituted with microbiota of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in order to investigate susceptibility to disease depending on abundances of distinct bacterial groups derived from diseased individuals [4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive survey of intestinal microbiota changes in offspring of human microbiota associated mice

Klitzing

Öz

Ekmekciu

et al. 2017

EuJMI

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Secondary abiotic mice generated by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment provide a valuable tool for association studies with microbiota derived from different vertebrate hosts. We here generated human microbiota-associated (hma) mice by human fecal microbiota transplantation of secondary abiotic mice and performed a comprehensive survey of the intestinal microbiota dynamics in offspring of hma mice over 18 weeks following weaning as compared to their mothers applying both cultural and molecular methods. Mice were maintained under standard hygienic conditions with open cages, handled under aseptic conditions, and fed autoclaved chow and water. Within 1 week post weaning, fecal loads of commensal enterobacteria and enterococci had decreased, whereas obligate anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides/Prevotella species and clostridia were stably colonizing the intestines of hma offspring at high loads. Lactobacilli numbers were successively increasing until 18 weeks post weaning in both hma offspring and mothers, whereas by then, bifidobacteria were virtually undetectable in the former only. Interestingly, fecal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria were higher in mothers as compared to their offspring at 5 and 18 weeks post weaning. We conclude that the intestinal microbiota composition changes in offspring of hma mice, but also their mothers over time particularly affecting aerobic and microaerobic species.

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Ecobiotherapy Rich in Firmicutes Decreases Susceptibility to Colitis in a Humanized Gnotobiotic Mouse Model

Cited by 96 publications

References 45 publications

Environmental spread of microbes impacts the development of metabolic phenotypes in mice transplanted with microbial communities from humans

Environmental spread of microbes impacts the development of metabolic phenotypes in mice transplanted with microbial communities from humans

American Ginseng Attenuates Colitis-Associated Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice: Impact on Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics

Comprehensive survey of intestinal microbiota changes in offspring of human microbiota associated mice

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