Ecochemical assessment of environmental chemicals Part I: Standard screening procedure to evaluate chemicals in plant cell cultures

Schuphan, Ingolf; Haque, A.; Ebing, W.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(84)90137-1

“…The proportion of nitrobenzene that had been chemically altered (metabolized) by the plants was determined by preparing tissue extracts that were then partitioned into polar, nonpolar and insoluble fractions according to the procedures of Bligh and Dyer [14] as modified by Ebing et al [15]. This simple fractionation procedure has been used successfully by several laboratories [4,16,17] to demonstrate the capacity of plants to convert, metabolically, xenobiotic nonpolar compounds into polar (water-soluble) compounds and insoluble residues. Plant materials (roots and shoots) were weighed and ground in a Waring@ blender with 100 ml methanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect, uptake and disposition of nitrobenzene in several terrestrial plants

Farlane

¹

,

Pfleeger

²

,

Fletcher

³

1990

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Eight species of plants were exposed to nitrobenzene in a hydroponic solution. Four species experienced no depression of either transpiration or photosynthetic rates, while one was rapidly killed and the other three were temporarily affected but recovered from the treatment. Uptake of nitrobenzene was passive and was shown to be proportional to the rate of water flux in each species. The transpiration stream concentration factor (TSCF) was 0.72. The root concentration factor (RCF) was variable between the species and was higher than expected, presumably due to deposits of insoluble metabolic products. All of the species examined displayed a capacity to chemically alter nonpolar nitrobenzene into both polar and insoluble products. Volatilization of nitrobenzene from the leaves was a major route of chemical loss.

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“…14 C‐labeled n ‐hexadecane (4%; v/v; 54.2 kBq) was added to the cell suspension cultures. The extraction procedure was based on the method developed by Schuphan et al [10]. A first extraction of n ‐hexadecane was done by cooling the cell culture to 2°C under the freezing point of n ‐hexadecane.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation of n-hexadecane by cell suspension cultures of Cinchona robusta and Dioscorea composita

Vega-Jarquín

¹

,

Dendooven

²

,

Magaña-Plaza

³

et al. 2001

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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This manuscript evaluates the phytotoxicity and biotransformation of n-hexadecane as well as peroxidase activity and cytochrome P450 concentration in microsomes for cell suspension cultures of Cinchona robusta and Dioscorea composita. Phytotoxicity was evaluated based on viability and growth. Cell cultures were exposed to a 2 and 4% (v/v) dose of n-hexadecane. The biotransformation of n-hexadecane was determined based on labeled recovery in polar, nonpolar, and cell residue fractions after cell culture extraction during exponential cell growth phase and stationary phase. Differences were observed in accumulation of label during cell growth phase and stationary phase for the cells of the two plants. Differences also were observed between phases for label in polar and nonpolar fractions. Thin-layer chromatography determined labeled intermediates and some were identified. The activity of peroxidase and concentration of cytochrome P450 was lower in C. robusta than in controls and greater in D. composita than in controls. In vitro biotransformation was not successful.

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“…Extraction procedure and biotransformation products 14 C-labeled n-hexadecane (4%; v/v; 54.2 kBq) was added to the cell suspension cultures. The extraction procedure was based on the method developed by Schuphan et al [10]. A first extraction of n-hexadecane was done by cooling the cell culture to 2ЊC under the freezing point of n-hexadecane.…”

Section: Phytotoxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

BIOTRANSFORMATION OF n-HEXADECANE BY CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF CINCHONA ROBUSTA AND DIOSCOREA COMPOSITA

Vega-Jarquín¹,

Dendooven²,

Magaña-Plaza³

et al. 2001

Environ Toxicol Chem

1

0

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This manuscript evaluates the phytotoxicity and biotransformation of n-hexadecane as well as peroxidase activity and cytochrome P450 concentration in microsomes for cell suspension cultures of Cinchona robusta and Dioscorea composita. Phytotoxicity was evaluated based on viability and growth. Cell cultures were exposed to a 2 and 4% (v/v) dose of n-hexadecane. The biotransformation of n-hexadecane was determined based on labeled recovery in polar, nonpolar, and cell residue fractions after cell culture extraction during exponential cell growth phase and stationary phase. Differences were observed in accumulation of label during cell growth phase and stationary phase for the cells of the two plants. Differences also were observed between phases for label in polar and nonpolar fractions. Thin-layer chromatography determined labeled intermediates and some were identified. The activity of peroxidase and concentration of cytochrome P450 was lower in C. robusta than in controls and greater in D. composita than in controls. In vitro biotransformation was not successful.

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Ecochemical assessment of environmental chemicals Part I: Standard screening procedure to evaluate chemicals in plant cell cultures

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Effect, uptake and disposition of nitrobenzene in several terrestrial plants

Effect, uptake and disposition of nitrobenzene in several terrestrial plants

Biotransformation of n-hexadecane by cell suspension cultures of Cinchona robusta and Dioscorea composita

BIOTRANSFORMATION OF n-HEXADECANE BY CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF CINCHONA ROBUSTA AND DIOSCOREA COMPOSITA

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