Ecofriendly production of silver nanoparticles from the seeds of Carica papaya and its larvicidal and antibacterial efficacy against some selected bacterial pathogens

Abstract

Carica papaya seed extract (CPE) was used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in this study. For the characterization of biosynthesized particles, UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, FESEM and EDX were used. Antimicrobial and larvicidal efficacies of the synthesized AgNPs were assessed in the fight against certain pathogens and the Aedes aegypti 4th instar larvae. The absorption spectrum of AgNPs peaked at 433 nm with a broad peak of 3000 to 3800 cm−1 for different functional groups as presented in the FTIR analysis. A FESEM evaluation revealed a number of spherical particle structures with an average of 20-69 nm. With zones of inhibition between 10-24 mm, the AgNPs synthesized inhibited selected microorganisms. After 12 h of exposure, the nanoparticles had LC50 and LC90 lethal concentration on the Aedes aegypti larva at 14.56 and 33.89 μg/ml respectively. This study demonstrates possibility of using Carica papaya seeds in AgNPs synthesis.

Carica papaya Crude Extracts Are an Efficient Source of Environmentally Friendly Biogenic Synthesizers of Silver Nanoparticles

“…For the confirmation of the synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles, the SPR bands (420-435 nm) were recorded in this report in experiments conducted with the callus, peel, bark, juice, seed, and bark extracts of Carica papaya. These findings are in close agreement with the work reported by Aina et al [19], Balavijayalakshmi and Ramalakshmi [14], Mortazavi-Derazkola et al [20], Pandit [21], and Zia and Chaudhary [22]. John et al [23] comprehensively discussed the preparation of Carica papaya peel extract to synthesize the silver nanoparticles.…”

“…John et al [23] comprehensively discussed the preparation of Carica papaya peel extract to synthesize the silver nanoparticles. They found the SPR band at 420-445 nm, a rod-like morphology, 70-95 nm-size particles, and the pure crystalline nature of silver through UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, and XRD, respectively [19]. The findings of Parsad et al are different from the reported work as they have obtained UV-Vis Spectra at 402 nm in their report on the synthesis of AgNPs from leaf extracts of the G. glauca plant [24].…”

Sustainable Utilization of Food Biowaste (Papaya Peel) Extract for Gold Nanoparticle Biosynthesis and Investigation of Its Multi-Functional Potentials

“…The peak value at 1594.36 cm −1 (in VPPE) which was shifted to 1634.22 cm −1 (in VPPE-AuNPs), specifies the N-H bending and bonding of primary amine [70]. A similar peak at 1635 cm −1 was also reported by Aina et al [71] when studying the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using papaya seed aqueous extract. The presence of primary amines signifying the protein content in papaya peels further evidenced that protein in the fruit's peel could have acted as a capping and stabilizing agent in the biosynthesis of VPPE-AuNPs [72,73].…”

Antimicrobial activity of phytofabricated silver nanoparticles using Carica papaya L. against Gram-negative bacteria

“…Carica papaya, known as papaya, papaw, or pawpaw, is a flowering and dicotyledonous plant classified as Violales order, Caricaceae family, Carica L. genus, and papaya species (papaya informally) [31]. Papaya trees are mostly cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions and are fast-growing and semi-woody with a lifespan of approximately 5-10 years [32].…”

“…Papaya trees are mostly cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions and are fast-growing and semi-woody with a lifespan of approximately 5-10 years [32]. Papaya fruits are melon-like, with green skin that turns yellow or orange when ripe and reportedly contain >1000 seeds [31]. Papaya tree parts could be a good candidate for the phytofabrication of AgNPs given their phytochemicals [30].…”