Ecohydraulics: An Introduction

Maddock, Ian; Harby, Atle; Kemp, Paul S.; Wood, Paul J.

doi:10.1002/9781118526576.ch1

Cited by 45 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Optimal grids have equilateral cells (equilateral triangles and squares) with a smooth change of dimensions through the domain. 35 In more details, cell skewness should be kept minimum. High aspect ratios would slow down the convergence.…”

Section: Grid Quality Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grid Quality and Resolution Effects on the Aerodynamic Modeling of Parachute Canopies

Ghoreyshi

Seidel

Bergeron

et al. 2015

53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

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This work provides an overview of the grid quality and resolution effects on the aerodynamic modeling of ram-air parachute canopies. The CFD simulations were performed using the Cobalt flow solver on two dimensional canopy sections with open and closed inlets. Previous simulation results of these geometries showed that grid independence is achieved for the closed and open airfoils with grids containing around half a million and two million cells, respectively. Previous grids were either hybrid with prismatic layers near the walls or multi-block structured using algebraic grid generators. The results presented in this work show that grid independence of both geometries can be achieved with much coarser grids. These grids, however, were generated with good smoothness, wall orthogonality, and skewness qualities. The results show that the grid quality value is mainly related to the grid smoothness and does not depend on the mesh skewness or the wall orthogonality. Although a smooth grid improves the quality value and therefore the solution convergence, it does not always lead to an accurate solution. For example, the unstructured meshes with anisotropic cells near the wall have very good grid quality, however they have the worst accuracy among all meshes considered because of the poor skewness at the walls. The results also showed that in comparison to the closed inlets, the open geometry solutions are less sensitive to the initial grid spacing and number of constant spacing layers at the outside airfoil walls. Finally, the open inlet solutions do not change with the inside airfoil mesh resolution and type. Nomenclature aspeed of sound, m/s C L lift coefficient, L/q ∞ S C D drag coefficient, D/q ∞ S

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Section: Grid Quality Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results become mesh independent if they show less than 3% difference from a 30% finer mesh. 35 The grid quality is often measured for each cell from given information about the cell's aspect ratio and skewness. It is also desirable to have near-wall faces parallel to the wall.…”

Section: Grid Quality Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grid Quality and Resolution Effects on the Aerodynamic Modeling of Parachute Canopies

Ghoreyshi

Seidel

Bergeron

et al. 2015

53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

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“…This is a fundamental principle in ecohydraulic applications [88,90,91]. Classically, mesohabitat classification schemes have been developed by biologists applying their knowledge of spatial patterns of biota occupancy related to published geomorphic river forms [38,58,61].…”

Section: Framework For Classification Of Multi-stage Ecohydraulics-bamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydraulic habitat modeling serves two functions that can be applied to stream restoration design; they are: (1) hydraulic models provide valuable information on geomorphic maintenance processes associated with mesohabitat physical structure; and (2) habitat models utilizing HSC provide the means to apply ecohydraulic principles [88][89][90][91]. Mesohabitat preferences by aquatic biota are defined by HSC in which preferences are associated with channel morphology, flow, habitat cover, and physiochemical conditions [92][93][94][95].…”

Section: Hydraulic Habitat Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Schwartz

2016

Water

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Stream restoration practice typically relies on a geomorphological design approach in which the integration of ecological criteria is limited and generally qualitative, although the most commonly stated project objective is to restore biological integrity by enhancing habitat and water quality. Restoration has achieved mixed results in terms of ecological successes and it is evident that improved methodologies for assessment and design are needed. A design approach is suggested for mesohabitat restoration based on a review and integration of fundamental processes associated with: (1) lotic ecological concepts; (2) applied geomorphic processes for mesohabitat self-maintenance; (3) multidimensional hydraulics and habitat suitability modeling; (4) species functional traits correlated with fish mesohabitat use; and (5) multi-stage ecohydraulics-based mesohabitat classification. Classification of mesohabitat units demonstrated in this article were based on fish preferences specifically linked to functional trait strategies (i.e., feeding resting, evasion, spawning, and flow refugia), recognizing that habitat preferences shift by season and flow stage. A multi-stage classification scheme developed under this premise provides the basic "building blocks" for ecological design criteria for stream restoration. The scheme was developed for Midwest US prairie streams, but the conceptual framework for mesohabitat classification and functional traits analysis can be applied to other ecoregions.

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“…Ecohydraulics connects ecological functions and hydrodynamic patterns at each spatio-temporal scale (Maddock et al, 2013). The terms 'ecohydraulics' and 'ecohydrology' imply research at interface between hydrological and ecological (biological) science, that are underlined as a cross-disciplinary research approach that represent a holistic and interdisciplinary, rather than multidisciplinary science.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of ecohydraulic bank protection model to improve river bank stability and biotic community in Surabaya River

Rini

Arisoesilaningsih²,

Harisuseno³

et al. 2017

J.Degrade.Min.Land Manage.

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Ecohydraulic river bank protection design was developed as ECO-RIPRAP model and has been applied along 100 meter length to restore accelerated erosion sites in Surabaya River at Wringinanom and Klubuk. The model combined re-profiled and re-vegetated bank with rock toe reinforcement and addition of log groynes at 10 meter length interval. Various native plant species were planted on bank slopes, including water plants Ipomoea aquatica and Pistia stratiotes, grasses and shrubs Ipomoea carnea, Pluchea indica, Saccharum spontaneum, Arundo donax, and native tree species Ficus glomerata, Bambusa arundinacea, Dendrocalamus asper, Bambusa vulgaris, Ficus benjamina, Dillenia indica, Psidium guajava, Arthocarpus camansi, Arthocarpus elasticus, Hibiscus mutabilis, Nauclea sp.,Inocarpus edulis, and Syzygium polyanthum. The river bank morphology after ECO-RIPRAP application showed alteration from erosion to sedimentation due to rock toe enforcement, log groynes protection, and increase of plant cover on littoral banks that decreased near bank velocity. The macro-invertebrate community shown increase of taxa richness, EPT richness, %EPT and %Atyidae, but decrease of %Chironomidae at restored sites. The fish community shown increase of taxa richness, increase of abundance by 54.2%, increase of Pangasius micronemus abundance by 25.6%, and increase of Hemibragus nemurus abundance by 6.3 % at restored reach. Rare fish species thrive back at restored area, namely Oxyeleotris marmorata, Mastacembelus unicolor and Hampala macrolepidota. Keywords: macroinvertebrates, native fish, river bank protection, riparian habitat restorationTo cite this article: Rini, D.S., Arisoesilaningsih, E., Harisuseno, D. and Soemarno. 2017. Application of ECO-RIPRAP riverbank protection model to improve bank stability and to support biotic community in Surabaya River. J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage. 5(1): 975-986,

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Ecohydraulics: An Introduction

Cited by 45 publications

References 34 publications

Grid Quality and Resolution Effects on the Aerodynamic Modeling of Parachute Canopies

Grid Quality and Resolution Effects on the Aerodynamic Modeling of Parachute Canopies

Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Application of ecohydraulic bank protection model to improve river bank stability and biotic community in Surabaya River

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