Ecological and Clinical Consequences of Antibiotic Subsistence by Environmental Microbes

Dantas, Gautam; Sommer, Morten Otto Alexander

doi:10.1002/9781118156247.ch4

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Of the 17 bacterial genera that can degrade or transform sulfonamides, with the exception of the genus Alcaligenes , , 16 genera have demonstrated the ability to use sulfonamides as the sole carbon source. The capacity of a bacterium to deploy antibiotics for energy and biomass growth was defined as antibiotic subsistence. , Bacteria subsisting on sulfonamides are often isolated by plating serial dilutions of an inoculum (usually an enriched culture of naturally occurring microbial communities) on sulfonamide-containing mineral salts medium (MSM) solidified with agar. Notably, the growth of a colony on a sulfonamide–MSM agar plate cannot be taken as direct evidence of its degradation ability.…”

Section: Bacterial Players In Sulfonamide Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria That Make a Meal of Sulfonamide Antibiotics: Blind Spots and Emerging Opportunities

Deng

Zhang

2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

127

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The release of sulfonamide antibiotics into the environment is alarming because the existence of these antibiotics in the environment may promote resistance in clinically relevant microorganisms, which is a potential threat to the effectiveness of antibiotic therapies. Controllable biodegradation processes are of particular significance for the inexpensive yet effective restoration of sulfonamide-contaminated environments. Cultivation-based techniques have already made great strides in successfully isolating bacteria with promising sulfonamide degradation abilities, but the implementation of these isolates in bioremediation has been limited by unknown microbial diversity, vast population responsiveness, and the impact of perturbations from open and complex environments. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies and metagenomic analyses are being used to complement the information derived from cultivation-based procedures. In this Review, we provide an overview of the growing understanding of isolated sulfonamide degraders and identify shortcomings of the prevalent literature in this field. In addition, we propose a technical paradigm that integrates experimental testing with metagenomic analysis to pave the way for improved understanding and exploitation of these ecologically important isolates. Overall, this Review aims to outline how metagenomic studies of isolated sulfonamide degraders are being applied for the advancement of bioremediation strategies for sulfonamide contamination.

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Section: Bacterial Players In Sulfonamide Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria That Make a Meal of Sulfonamide Antibiotics: Blind Spots and Emerging Opportunities

Deng

Zhang

2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

127

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“…Destruction of the β-lactam ring is the first step of β-lactam degradation. Therefore, bacteria with the ability to destruct β-lactam probably exhibit resistance to many other antibiotics (Dantas and Sommer 2012). It has also been demonstrated that TEM β-lactamases are present in both soil bacteria and human pathogens, such as Burkholderia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in culturable bacteria isolated from soils around mines in Hamedan, Iran

Younessi

Sinegani

Khodakaramian

2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Antibiotic resistance genes are considered to be emerging contaminants. Considering the limited number of papers on detection of antibiotic resistance genes in metal-polluted soils of Iran and due to the fact that nonclinical strains carrying resistance determinants can be the origin of resistance genes in clinical isolates, the present study was conducted to detect some resistance genes (i.e., bla TEM , vanA, tetB, strA, and aac(3)-II) in the most prevalent culturable bacteria isolated from soils around mines. A total of 70 species of Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Enterobacter, and Bacillus were isolated from soils under different land uses. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect resistance genes in the isolates. The bla TEM gene was the most abundant gene detected in the isolates (45.71%). The number of Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter isolates containing bla TEM was higher in the agricultural and pasture soils than in the mining waste soils (28.57%, 57.14%, and 20%, respectively), but the pasture and mining waste soils proved to harbor more Bacillus species containing bla TEM compared to the agricultural soils (64.28%, 50%, and 42.86%, respectively). The vanA gene was found in 5.71% of all the strains, and only one Pseudomonas isolates harbored aac(3)-II. The tetB and strA genes were not detected in any of the isolates. More than 77% of the isolates were phenotypically resistant to β-lactams, and 28.57%, 40%, and 31.43% of them were resistant to streptomycin, vancomycin, and tetracyclines, respectively. Overall, the high number of bacteria containing at least one resistance gene isolated from the samples indicated the persistence of environmental reservoirs of resistance genes in the metal-polluted soils.

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“…Since subsistence phenotypes on a range of antibiotics are readily observed, it is possible that antibiotic resistance genes frequently allow not only resistance, but also simultaneously facilitate antibiotic subsistence. Dantas and Sommer (2012) investigated the connection between subsistomes and resistomes, and indicated that thus far not a single gene involved in antibiotic subsistence has been identified. Although active aminoglycoside efflux pumps have been observed in E. coli ( Mingeot-Leclercq et al, 1999 ), it is hypothesized that this mechanism is not actively involved in the E. coli clones subsisting on the antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, no genes have been identified that could enable bacteria to use antibiotics as a single carbon source, and therefore the relationship between antibiotic resistance and antibiotic subsistence remains unclear ( Dantas and Sommer, 2012 ). To this end, and since the gut microbiota of humans and animals has been described as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance, we studied the potential of gut bacteria to display the antibiotic subsistence phenotype using a range of antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Aminoglycoside Subsistence Phenotype of Bacteria Residing in the Gut of Humans and Zoo Animals

et al. 2016

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Recent studies indicate that next to antibiotic resistance, bacteria are able to subsist on antibiotics as a carbon source. Here we evaluated the potential of gut bacteria from healthy human volunteers and zoo animals to subsist on antibiotics. Nine gut isolates of Escherichia coli and Cellulosimicrobium sp. displayed increases in colony forming units (CFU) during incubations in minimal medium with only antibiotics added, i.e., the antibiotic subsistence phenotype. Furthermore, laboratory strains of E. coli and Pseudomonas putida equipped with the aminoglycoside 3′ phosphotransferase II gene also displayed the subsistence phenotype on aminoglycosides. In order to address which endogenous genes could be involved in these subsistence phenotypes, the broad-range glycosyl-hydrolase inhibiting iminosugar deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) was used. Addition of DNJ to minimal medium containing glucose showed initial growth retardation of resistant E. coli, which was rapidly recovered to normal growth. In contrast, addition of DNJ to minimal medium containing kanamycin arrested resistant E. coli growth, suggesting that glycosyl-hydrolases were involved in the subsistence phenotype. However, antibiotic degradation experiments showed no reduction in kanamycin, even though the number of CFUs increased. Although antibiotic subsistence phenotypes are readily observed in bacterial species, and are even found in susceptible laboratory strains carrying standard resistance genes, we conclude there is a discrepancy between the observed antibiotic subsistence phenotype and actual antibiotic degradation. Based on these results we can hypothesize that aminoglycoside modifying enzymes might first inactivate the antibiotic (i.e., by acetylation of amino groups, modification of hydroxyl groups by adenylation and phosphorylation respectively), before the subsequent action of catabolic enzymes. Even though we do not dispute that antibiotics could be used as a single carbon source, our observations show that antibiotic subsistence should be carefully examined with precise degradation studies, and that its mechanistic basis remains inconclusive.

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Ecological and Clinical Consequences of Antibiotic Subsistence by Environmental Microbes

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Bacteria That Make a Meal of Sulfonamide Antibiotics: Blind Spots and Emerging Opportunities

Bacteria That Make a Meal of Sulfonamide Antibiotics: Blind Spots and Emerging Opportunities

Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in culturable bacteria isolated from soils around mines in Hamedan, Iran

Study of the Aminoglycoside Subsistence Phenotype of Bacteria Residing in the Gut of Humans and Zoo Animals

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