Ecological and physiological characterization shows that Fibrobacter succinogenes is important in rumen fiber digestion — Review

Kobayashi, Yasuo; Shinkai, Takumi; Koike, Satoshi

doi:10.1007/s12223-008-0024-z

Cited by 84 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Members of the Fibrobacteres are part of the microbial community in the first stomach of ruminant animals and degrade plant-based cellulose (31). Taking into account that members of the Fibrobacteres hardly occurred in grassland samples without the presence of cattle (i.e., plots 1 to 3) and almost exclusively in the topsoil, it can be assumed that members of this phylum were introduced into the samples by cattle.…”

Section: Vol 76 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizon-Specific Bacterial Community Composition of German Grassland Soils, as Revealed by Pyrosequencing-Based Analysis of 16S rRNA Genes

Will

Thürmer

Wollherr

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

319

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The diversity of bacteria in soil is enormous, and soil bacterial communities can vary greatly in structure. Here, we employed a pyrosequencing-based analysis of the V2-V3 16S rRNA gene region to characterize the overall and horizon-specific (A and B horizons) bacterial community compositions in nine grassland soils, which covered three different land use types. The entire data set comprised 752,838 sequences, 600,544 of which could be classified below the domain level. The average number of sequences per horizon was 41,824. The dominant taxonomic groups present in all samples and horizons were the Acidobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Despite these overarching dominant taxa, the abundance, diversity, and composition of bacterial communities were horizon specific. In almost all cases, the estimated bacterial diversity (H) was higher in the A horizons than in the corresponding B horizons. In addition, the H was positively correlated with the organic carbon content, the total nitrogen content, and the C-to-N ratio, which decreased with soil depth. It appeared that lower land use intensity results in higher bacterial diversity. The majority of sequences affiliated with the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, Verrucomicrobia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria were derived from A horizons, whereas the majority of the sequences related to Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospira, TM7, and WS3 originated from B horizons. The distribution of some bacterial phylogenetic groups and subgroups in the different horizons correlated with soil properties such as organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, or microbial biomass.

show abstract

Section: Vol 76 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizon-Specific Bacterial Community Composition of German Grassland Soils, as Revealed by Pyrosequencing-Based Analysis of 16S rRNA Genes

Will

Thürmer

Wollherr

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

319

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Degradation of lignocellulolytic feedstuff by ruminant herbivores is mainly observed in the rumen by the synergistic activity of the fibrolytic gut microbes, such as protozoa, bacteria and fungi which have symbiotic association with the host animals (reviewed by Orpin andJoblin 1997 andKobayashi et al 2008). In these habitats rumen microorganisms, in particular anaerobic fungi, play an important role in the physical and enzymic breakdown of ingested plant cell walls by means of their rhizoidal systems and powerful arrays of glycosyl hydrolases.…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of fungal cellulase gene in Lactococcus lactis to construct novel recombinant silage inoculants

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The facultative anaerobic bacterium Lactococcus lactis has been used as a host for expression of a gene isolated from the anaerobic rumen fungus Neocallimastix sp. The coding region of the cellulase gene was obtained from the fungus with the aid of polymerase chain reaction amplification. The gene was then transformed into pCT vector system and the constructed recombinant plasmid was introduced into two L. lactis strains (IL403 and MG1363) by electroporation. The gene encoding the fungal originated cellulase was expressed in both strains successfully although the expression level was relatively lower in comparison with the original enzyme activity. Genetically modified L. lactis strains were used as silage inoculants for pre-biodegradation of the plant biomass during ensiling. That treatment resulted in a notable reduction of the acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of the plant biomass used as silage material. Inoculation with recombinant strain IL1043 resulted in 4.8 and 9.7 % decrease in NDF and ADF contents, respectively while the inoculation of silage with strain MG1363 decreased the ADF content by >5 %.

show abstract

“…Fibrobacter succinogenes was originally identified as a major cellulolytic bacterium in the rumen and even though subsequently many other unculturable bacteria have been shown to be present in the rumen, it still appears to be an important rumen cellulolytic organism (Kobayashi et al 2008). Fibrobacter strains are also present in nonruminant intestines (Hastie et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a novel mechanism of microbial cellulose degradation

Wilson

2009

Cellulose

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are two well studied mechanisms that are used by cellulolytic microorganisms to degrade the cellulose present in plant cell walls and a third less well studied oxidative mechanism used by brown rot fungi. The well studied mechanisms use cellulases to hydrolyze the b-1,4 linkages present in cellulose, however the way in which cellulases are presented to the environment are quite different for each mechanism. Most aerobic microorganisms secrete a set of cellulases outside the cell (free cellulase mechanism) while most anaerobic microorganisms produce large multi enzyme complexes on their outer surface (cellulosomal mechanism). Their genomic sequences suggest that the aerobic bacterium, Cytophaga hutchinsonii and the anaerobic bacterium, Fibrobacter succinogenes, do not use either of these mechanisms for degrading cellulose, as these organisms only code for normal endocellulases not for processive cellulases like exocellulases and processive endocellulases which are used in both of the well studied mechanisms.

show abstract

Ecological and physiological characterization shows that Fibrobacter succinogenes is important in rumen fiber digestion — Review

Cited by 84 publications

References 26 publications

Horizon-Specific Bacterial Community Composition of German Grassland Soils, as Revealed by Pyrosequencing-Based Analysis of 16S rRNA Genes

Horizon-Specific Bacterial Community Composition of German Grassland Soils, as Revealed by Pyrosequencing-Based Analysis of 16S rRNA Genes

Expression of fungal cellulase gene in Lactococcus lactis to construct novel recombinant silage inoculants

Evidence for a novel mechanism of microbial cellulose degradation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About