Ecological basis of biological control of soilborne plant pathogens

Huang, Hung‐Chang

doi:10.1080/07060669209500909

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This contrasts with experiments where application of C. minitans conidia to onion seeds using methyl cellulose sticker gave control of Allium white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum) equivalent to that provided by the then current chemical treatment with calomel (mercurous chloride) (Ahmed & Tribe, 1977). It has been suggested that inoculum potential of the pathogen might be the key to biocontrol (Adams, 1990;Huang, 1992;Deacon & Berry, 1993). Thus, seed treatment with C. minitans might result in poor control where inoculum potential is relatively great, as with infected seed, but provide good control where inoculum potential is relatively low, as with mycelium from sclerotia dispersed in soil.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by film‐coating Coniothyrium minitans on to sunflower seed and sclerotia

McQuilken¹,

Budge²,

Whipps³

1997

Plant Pathology

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Conidia of the biological control agent, Coniothyrium minitans, were applied to uninfected and S. sclerotiorum-infected sunflower seeds and to sclerotia of two isolates of S. sclerotiorum by polymer filmcoating, using a fluidised-bed seed treater. Rates of 5 × 10 6 and 7-14 × 10 6 conidia per g of seed and sclerotia were obtained, respectively. The activity of C. minitans was compared to treatments with the fungicides thiram þ fenpropimorph and iprodione. In agar plate tests, C. minitans increased seed germination and decreased recovery of S. sclerotiorum from S. sclerotiorum-infected seeds. However, in seedling tests carried out in a potting compost-soil mix with S. sclerotiorum-infected seeds, C. minitans failed to increase survival of seedlings. A high and low rate of thiram þ fenpropimorph and a high rate of iprodione film-coated onto S. sclerotiorum-infected seeds gave consistently better results than C. minitans in these tests. The film-coating process slightly decreased the germination of C. minitans conidia recovered from sunflower seeds and sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum, but after storage for 1 year at 10ЊC C. minitans grew from more than 97% of seed and sclerotia, and the number of colony forming-units per g seed or sclerotia had declined by less than 1 log 10 unit. In agar plate tests, all fungicide treatments were more effective than C. minitans in delaying myceligenic germination of film-coated sclerotia, although for sclerotia of isolate JN1, all film-coatings were effective in decreasing the weight of sclerotia subsequently produced. With isolate SB, only the C. minitans treatment reduced subsequent sclerotial production. In glasshouse and field pot bioassays with sclerotia buried in soil for 20 and 34 weeks, respectively, C. minitans completely suppressed apothecial production and no sclerotia were recovered from the C. minitans treatment pots. C. minitans spread to infect sclerotia in other treatment pots. In these bioassays, both fungicides were less effective than C. minitans, even though apothecial production was almost completely inhibited and less than 10% of sclerotia were recovered.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by film‐coating Coniothyrium minitans on to sunflower seed and sclerotia

McQuilken¹,

Budge²,

Whipps³

1997

Plant Pathology

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“…However, none of them has been completely successful (Adams and Ayers 1979; Whipps and Budge 1990). Biocontrol may be an environmentally friendly and efficient alternative to manage pathogenic fungi (Huang 1992; Whipps 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclosporine A from a nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum suppressing Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2006

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Aims: To evaluate the antagonistic activity of Fusarium oxysporum nonpathogenic fungal strain S6 against the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and to identify the antifungal compounds involved. Methods and Results: The antagonistic activity of Fusarium oxysporum strain S6 was determined in vitro by dual cultures. The metabolite responsible for the activity was isolated by chromatographic techniques, purified and identified by spectroscopic methods as cyclosporine A. The antifungal activity against the pathogen was correlated with the presence of this metabolite by a dilution assay and then quantified. Cyclosporine A caused both growth inhibition and suppression of sclerotia formation. In a greenhouse assay, a significant increase in the number of surviving soybean (Glycine max) plants was observed when S. sclerotiorum and F. oxysporum (S6) were inoculated together when compared with plants inoculated with S. sclerotiorum alone. Conclusion: Fusarium oxysporum (S6) may be a good fungal biological control agent for S. sclerotiorum and cyclosporine A is the responsible metabolite involved in its antagonistic activity in vitro. Significance and Impact of the Study: Cyclosporine A has not been previously described as an inhibitor of S. sclerotiorum. Its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0·1 μg disc−1 makes it suitable to use as a biofungicide. In vivo experiments showed that F. oxysporum (S6) is a good candidate for the biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum in soybean.

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“…In addition, since Trichoderma and Gliocladium spp. have been widely reported in the literature to show biocontrol activity against a range of plant pathogens including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Huang 1992), isolates from these two genera were preferentially selected. Infection of host plants by S. sclerotiorum can occur either from myceliogenic germination of sclerotia in the soil or as a result of aerial infection by ascospores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and <i>in vitro</i> screening of soil fungi for biological control of <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>

Rabeendran¹,

Jones²,

Stewart³

1998

pnzppc

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A study was carried out to identify fungi with biocontrol activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on cabbage. Sixty three fungal isolates from 10 vegetable sites in Canterbury, and four isolates with known biocontrol activity from culture collections, were evaluated using a cabbage petiole bioassay for their ability to inhibit colonisation of host tissue by S. sclerotiorum. Twenty seven isolates reduced infection of cabbage petioles and subsequent sclerotial production by S. sclerotiorum compared to the pathogen control. Eight isolates (five Trichoderma sp., two Gliocladium virens and one G. roseum) reduced petiole infection by more than 75% and completely prevented sclerotial production.

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Ecological basis of biological control of soilborne plant pathogens

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by film‐coating Coniothyrium minitans on to sunflower seed and sclerotia

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by film‐coating Coniothyrium minitans on to sunflower seed and sclerotia

Cyclosporine A from a nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum suppressing Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Isolation and <i>in vitro</i> screening of soil fungi for biological control of <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>

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