Ecological change of the gut microbiota during pregnancy and progression to dyslipidemia

Xu, Yang; Zhang, Mingzhi; Zhang, Yuqing; Wei, Hongcheng; Guan, Quanquan; Dong, Chao; Deng, Siting; Tun, Hein Min; Xia, Yankai

doi:10.1038/s41522-023-00383-7

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Some could facilitate a remodeling of the maternal intestine or influence digestive physiology during pregnancy. Many were associated with lipid metabolism, glycolysis and gluconeogenic metabolic pathways, which are important for maternal health [ 110 , 111 ]. Even without bacterial translocation, the release and transfer of soluble factors from bacteria into circulation, including short-chain fatty acids and serotonergic metabolites, have been found to be associated with gestational hypertension and diabetes [ 112 , 113 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Microbial Changes Are Evident in the Reproductive Tract of Pregnant Rhesus Monkeys at Mid-Gestation but Their Gut Microbiome Does Not Shift until Late Gestation

et al. 2023

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Vaginal and rectal specimens were obtained from cycling, pregnant, and nursing rhesus monkeys to assess pregnancy-related changes in the commensal bacteria in their reproductive and intestinal tracts. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, significant differences were found only in the vagina at mid-gestation, not in the hindgut. To verify the apparent stability in gut bacterial composition at mid-gestation, the experiment was repeated with additional monkeys, and similar results were found with both 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing. A follow-up study investigated if bacterial changes in the hindgut might occur later in pregnancy. Gravid females were assessed closer to term and compared to nonpregnant females. By late pregnancy, significant differences in bacterial composition, including an increased abundance of 4 species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, were detected, but without a shift in the overall community structure. Progesterone levels were assessed as a possible hormone mediator of bacterial change. The relative abundance of only some taxa (e.g., Bifidobacteriaceae) were specifically associated with progesterone. In summary, pregnancy changes the microbial profiles in monkeys, but the bacterial diversity in their lower reproductive tract is different from women, and the composition of their intestinal symbionts remains stable until late gestation when several Firmicutes become more prominent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Microbial Changes Are Evident in the Reproductive Tract of Pregnant Rhesus Monkeys at Mid-Gestation but Their Gut Microbiome Does Not Shift until Late Gestation

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, we hypothesized that in the case of controlling for dietary precursors, the urinary TMA levels could reflect the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota, while the ratio of TMAO to TMA could indicate the FMO activity . Specifically, the study by Yang et al observed that the gut microbiota underwent significant alterations throughout pregnancy . The late pregnancy was accompanied by a decrease in microbial diversity, and alterations in the microbiota due to environmental factors may be pathogenic .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Patterns of Multiple Pesticides and Urinary Alterations of Trimethylamine (TMA) and Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) among Pregnant Women

Ding,

Dai,

Wang

et al. 2023

Environ. Health

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Environmental exposure to pesticides is widespread and commonly occurs in mixtures, and pregnant women are particularly concerned. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a dietary-derived catabolite linked to cardiometabolic disease, may be influenced by pesticide exposure. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the associations, and studies have primarily been restricted to single pesticides. To address this gap, we examined the associations of pesticide exposure with urinary TMA, TMAO, and TMAO-to-TMA ratio among 1067 pregnant women residing in a rural area. Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to identify distinct patterns of pesticide exposure based on urinary metabolite concentrations. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were employed to estimate the effects of single pesticides, exposure patterns, and combined exposure. Four distinct pesticide exposure patterns were identified. Higher concentrations of pesticide metabolites were found to be associated with increased urinary TMAO levels (β: 0.043 to 0.254, p < 0.05). In the MLR models for individual pesticides and exposure patterns, carbofuran phenol (CFP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), and 2-phenylphenol (OPP) exhibited positive associations with urinary TMA concentrations, while pyrethroid pesticide metabolites were correlated with the up-regulation of the TMAO-to-TMA ratio. Significant positive associations of pesticide mixtures with TMA, TMAO, and TMAO-to-TMA ratio were observed in the BKMR model, primarily driven by PCP and trans-DCCA. Our findings provided a perspective to reveal that the mechanisms and contributions to TMAO alterations may vary among different pesticides in mixture exposure.

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“…The expansion of Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae reflects host energy imbalance and an unstable microbial community (dysbiosis) ( Shin et al, 2015 ; Litvak et al, 2017 ). A study on maternal dyslipidemia during pregnancy found that clustering analysis of the intestinal microbiota, with dominant genera including Faecalibacterium , Blautia , and Bacteroides , showed higher levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides ( Yang et al, 2023 ). These high-abundance genera were similar to that of cluster 1 and cluster 2 in this study, both of which were the most common community compositions among the late pregnancy population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between gut microbiota, microbial network, and immunity in pregnancy with a focus on specific bacterial clusters

Yan,

Liang,

Luo

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundThe community characteristics of the gut microbiota are not well defined and are not as widely studied as the functions of individual bacteria. This study aims to investigate the community composition of intestinal flora in women of childbearing age by conducting cluster analysis of gut microbiota and analyzing the relationship between different clusters and immune status.MethodsA total of 45 women of childbearing age were recruited in the study, including 15 non-pregnant women and 30 women in late pregnancy, and stool samples were collected twice during the third trimester, specifically at 32 weeks and at full term. The gut microbiota data was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Partitioning Around Medoids algorithm was employed to assess microbial clustering patterns. Microbial network for each cluster was performed and plasm cytokines were measured to analyze the relationship between specific genera and immune state in clusters.ResultsThere were three distinct clusters of intestinal community composition in women of childbearing age. Cluster 1 (PAM_1) was characterized by a high abundance of Bacteroides, while cluster 2 (PAM_2) showed higher levels of Bifidobacterium and Blautia, along with a significantly increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio. Cluster 3 (PAM_3) displayed a high abundance of Escherichia-shigella. PAM_1 was the most dominant cluster in non-pregnant women, and this dominant cluster was also one of the main in late pregnancy. At full term, the majority of subjects retained the same cluster as at 32 weeks, while a few experienced a shift. The microbial correlation networks differed across the three clusters, with PAM_1 exhibiting higher modularity and fewer connections. Analysis of the correlation between genera and plasma cytokines showed significant differences in their associations with cytokines between pregnancy and nonpregnancy within the same cluster, and the same genera had different effects in different clusters.ConclusionWomen of childbearing age exhibit three distribution patterns of gut microbiota, and the intestinal clusters reshaped during late pregnancy in a small population. Different clusters may have diverse immunomodulatory effects in different physiological states. When studying the gut microbiome during pregnancy, it is crucial to consider the cluster differences within healthy women.

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Ecological change of the gut microbiota during pregnancy and progression to dyslipidemia

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Significant Microbial Changes Are Evident in the Reproductive Tract of Pregnant Rhesus Monkeys at Mid-Gestation but Their Gut Microbiome Does Not Shift until Late Gestation

Significant Microbial Changes Are Evident in the Reproductive Tract of Pregnant Rhesus Monkeys at Mid-Gestation but Their Gut Microbiome Does Not Shift until Late Gestation

Exposure Patterns of Multiple Pesticides and Urinary Alterations of Trimethylamine (TMA) and Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) among Pregnant Women

Association between gut microbiota, microbial network, and immunity in pregnancy with a focus on specific bacterial clusters

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