Ecological characteristics of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) plantings of the city of Orel

Abstract

Today, the leading factors of deterioration of woody plants in natural and artificial ecosystems are pests and pathogens. Monitoring and control of populations of known pest species and pathogens is an urgent task of modern ornamental plant raising. The purpose of the work was to characterize the state of Aesculus hippocastanum L. plantings at the objects of landscape architecture of the city of Orel for damage by the chestnut miner Cameraria ohridella Deshka et Dimic. Plantings of A. hippocastanum L. were examined at four landscaping sites of the Sovetsky district of the city of Orel. The plantings were assessed visually, according to the condition of the crown and the damage to the leaves of the horse chestnut with a periodicity of 17 days. As a result of the study, it was shown that most of the damaged woody plants were found in the City Park of Culture and Recreation, to a lesser extent - on Victory Boulevard, where preventive stem injections were carried out. As the main measures to combat the chestnut mining moth in urban conditions, systematic pruning of species, stem injections, replacement of species with resistant species and varieties are recommended: A. carnea, A. glabra, A. indica.

The Secondary Metabolites Profile in Horse Chestnut Leaves Infested with Horse-Chestnut Leaf Miner

“…Extensive brown-yellow spots on leaves as well as rapid wilting and premature fall of leaves before the end of the growing season are the external symptoms of C. ohridella (horse-chestnut leaf miner) foraging [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. As a result of infestation by many (5–7) generations of larvae of the pest, the tree is severely weakened, the photosynthetic efficiency declines, the intensity of flowering and the weight and size of fruit and seeds are reduced, and the size and vitality of developing seedlings decrease [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The anatomical and histochemical studies of chestnut leaves conducted to date have shown a complete absence of palisade parenchyma, damaged spongy parenchyma cells, and death of the epidermis on both sides of the leaf blade in the mine, i.e., the pest foraging site [ 7 , 8 ].…”