Ecological Determinants of Bemisia tabaci Resistance to Insecticides

Castle, Steven J.; Palumbo, John C.; Prabhaker, Nilima; Horowitz, A.; Denholm, I.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2460-2_16

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The effective chemical control of this pest has faced a number of difficulties, among them, the rapid development of resistance to different groups of insecticides, the constant need for rotation of insecticide mechanisms of action, as well as the application of specific insecticides for the different stages of the pest (Castle et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocimum basilicum essential oil combined with deltamethrin to improve the management of Spodoptera frugiperda

et al. 2017

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For an important and expensive crop such as corn, the resistance of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith to various pesticides has led to research throughout the world for a potential insecticide from a natural source. For the management of pest resistance, natural compounds associated with synthetic insecticides can be a promising tool because they can reduce the application of the synthetics molecules while maintaining their effectiveness and promoting the control of the pests. Linalool is a potential insecticide that is easily obtained because it is found in high concentrations in the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of this essential oil and its combination with deltamethrin to control S. frugiperda. Through dose response assays, the acute toxicities (LD 50 ) of the essential oil and deltamethrin were estimated. Additionally, the combination of these materials was also assessed, attaining a reduction of 80% of the LD 50 of deltamethrin while obtaining the same result as when the pyrethroid was administered alone. From these results, it is expected that the combination of natural compounds and synthetic insecticides will be a promising practice, helping to manage resistance while reducing the environmental impact of toxic compounds.Index terms: Natural insecticides; linalool; fall armyworm; pyrethroid; synergism. RESUMOPara uma cultura importante e expressiva como o milho, a resistência de Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith a vários inseticidas atraiu a atenção no mundo para pesquisar o potencial inseticida de compostos naturais. Para o manejo da resistência, os compostos naturais associados a inseticidas sintéticos podem ser uma ferramenta promissória por reduzirem a aplicação das moléculas sintéticas para que não percam sua eficácia, além de promover o controle das pragas. O linalol é um terpenoide considerado como inseticida potencial, pode ser facilmente obtido naturalmente uma vez que é encontrado em alta concentração no óleo essencial de Ocimum basilicum. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a toxicidade deste óleo essencial e sua combinação com deltametrina no controle de Spodoptera frugiperda. Através do ensaio de dose-resposta, foi estimada a toxicidade aguda (DL50) do óleo essencial e da deltametrina. Adicionalmente, foi também avaliada a combinação entre ambos, alcançando uma redução de 80% da DL 50 de deltametrina para se obter o mesmo resultado quando o piretroide foi administrado sozinho. A partir dos nossos resultados, espera-se que uma combinação de uso de compostos naturais e inseticidas sintéticos possa ser uma prática promissora, auxiliando no manejo da resistência de pragas e principalmente reduzindo os impactos ambientais de compostos tóxicos.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocimum basilicum essential oil combined with deltamethrin to improve the management of Spodoptera frugiperda

et al. 2017

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“…O controle químico efetivo de S. frugiperda tem encontrado inúmeras dificuldades, entre elas, o desenvolvimento de resistência a organofosforados, carbamatos, neonicotinoides e reguladores de crescimento (Yu, 2008), o que leva à constante rotação de produtos com diferentes mecanismos de ação, assim como à aplicação de inseticidas específicos para os diferentes estágios da praga (Castle et al, 2010).…”

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Tecnologia De Aplicação De Inseticidas No Controle Da Lagarta-Do-Cartucho Na Cultura Do Milho

Tavares

Silva

Alves

et al. 2017

RBMS

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RESUMO -A lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) é uma praga-chave na cultura do milho, e aplicações de inseticidas têm sido necessárias para reduzir a população do inseto. O controle desta praga tem sido difícil porque a lagarta encontra-se comumente protegida no interior do cartucho, o que pode reduzir a deposição e eficácia do inseticida. Portanto, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de taxas de aplicação, pontas de pulverização e inseticidas no controle de S. frugiperda no milho. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 com quatro repetições. Os fatores foram duas taxas de aplicação (100 e 200 L ha -1 ), duas pontas de pulverização (jato plano com e sem com indução de ar) e dois inseticidas (triflumuron e fenpropatrina). Também se utilizou um tratamento controle correspondente à aplicação de clorpirifós utilizando a ponta jato plano simples na taxa de 200 L ha -1 . As características avaliadas foram espectro de gotas, deposição de calda, eficácia biológica e produtividade da cultura. A taxa de aplicação de 100 L ha -1 produziu maior deposição de calda do que a 200 L ha -1 para ambas as pontas de pulverização e não reduziu a eficácia dos inseticidas. Ambos os inseticidas tiveram eficácias semelhantes no controle da lagarta-do-cartucho aos 10 dias após a aplicação (DAA), embora a eficácia do inseticida fenpropatrina tenha sido maior do que a do triflumuron aos 3 DAA. Palavras-chave: lagarta-do-cartucho, Zea mays, ponta de pulverização, taxa de aplicação, manejo de pragas. INSECTICIDE APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY ON FALL ARMYWORM CONTROL IN CORNABSTRACT -The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a key pest in corn, and insecticide applications have been needed to reduce the insect population. The fall armyworm has been difficult to control because its larvae is commonly protected in the whorl of corn, which may reduce insecticide deposition and its efficacy. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of application rate, nozzle type and insecticide on control of S. frugiperda in corn. Experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design and a 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme with four replications. The factors were two application rates (100 e 200 L ha -1 ), two hydraulic nozzles (standard and air induction flat-fan) and two insecticides (triflumuron and fenpropathrin). An additional treatment was also included, composed of chlorpyrifos sprayed at 200 L ha -1 using a standard flat-fan nozzle. Parameters of interest were droplet spectrum, spray deposition, biological efficacy and crop yield. A 100 L ha -1 application rate produced greater spray deposition than at 200 L ha -1 for both nozzle types and did not reduce the insecticide efficacy. At 10 days after application (DAA) both insecticides provided similar efficacy on fall armyworm control, although it was greater using fenpropathrin than triflumuron at 3 DAA. Keywords: fall armyworm, Zea mays, spray nozzle, spray volume, pest management. A tecnologia de aplicação, contudo...

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“…Alfalfa typically does not produce many B. tabaci adults from June to September in Arizona and California, possibly because harvest at close intervals during that period prevents many eggs and nymphs from completing development (31). Nevertheless, because alfalfa is rarely treated with insecticides, it was proposed that large acreages of this crop could contribute to delaying B. tabaci resistance to insecticides in some regions (32). Although alfalfa was as abundant as untreated cotton near sampled sites, refuges of untreated cotton delayed resistance but refuges of alfalfa did not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale, spatially-explicit test of the refuge strategy for delaying insecticide resistance

Carrière

Ellers-Kirk

Hartfield

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The refuge strategy is used worldwide to delay the evolution of pest resistance to insecticides that are either sprayed or produced by transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops. This strategy is based on the idea that refuges of host plants where pests are not exposed to an insecticide promote survival of susceptible pests. Despite widespread adoption of this approach, large-scale tests of the refuge strategy have been problematic. Here we tested the refuge strategy with 8 y of data on refuges and resistance to the insecticide pyriproxyfen in 84 populations of the sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) from cotton fields in central Arizona. We found that spatial variation in resistance to pyriproxyfen within each year was not affected by refuges of melons or alfalfa near cotton fields. However, resistance was negatively associated with the area of cotton refuges and positively associated with the area of cotton treated with pyriproxyfen. A statistical model based on the first 4 y of data, incorporating the spatial distribution of cotton treated and not treated with pyriproxyfen, adequately predicted the spatial variation in resistance observed in the last 4 y of the study, confirming that cotton refuges delayed resistance and treated cotton fields accelerated resistance. By providing a systematic assessment of the effectiveness of refuges and the scale of their effects, the spatially explicit approach applied here could be useful for testing and improving the refuge strategy in other crop-pest systems.pesticide resistance | predictive evolutionary models | pest management | resistance management P opulation growth will continue to favor agricultural intensification for decades. Because agricultural intensification is associated with increased pest pressure, pesticides generally help to increase yield (1-3). Although significant progress has been made to reduce reliance on pesticides (4, 5), an increasing number of insects and mites exhibit field-evolved resistance to synthetic pesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) sprays, and transgenic Bt crops (6, 7). Negative consequences of resistance include increased pesticide use, disruption of food webs and ecosystem services, increased risk to human health, and loss of profits for farmers and industry (1, 3).One of the main strategies for delaying resistance promotes survival of susceptible pests by providing refuges, which are areas of host plants where pests are not exposed to an insecticide. Theory predicts that refuges will slow the evolution of resistance by reducing the fitness advantage of resistant individuals (7-9). Refuges can also reduce the heritability of resistance when susceptible individuals mate with resistant individuals surviving exposure to an insecticide (7). Empirical support for the refuge strategy was provided by short-term laboratory and greenhouse experiments (10, 11). Although these experiments test the hypothesis that mating between susceptible and resistant individuals delays the evolution of resistance, they do not consider several fact...

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Ecological Determinants of Bemisia tabaci Resistance to Insecticides

Cited by 33 publications

References 106 publications

Ocimum basilicum essential oil combined with deltamethrin to improve the management of Spodoptera frugiperda

Ocimum basilicum essential oil combined with deltamethrin to improve the management of Spodoptera frugiperda

Tecnologia De Aplicação De Inseticidas No Controle Da Lagarta-Do-Cartucho Na Cultura Do Milho

Large-scale, spatially-explicit test of the refuge strategy for delaying insecticide resistance

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