Ecological diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the Amazon basin. The main scenaries in the Brazilian Amazon

Coura, J. Rodrigues; Junqueira, Ângela Cristina Veríssimo

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.04.029

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This occurs commonly with the invasion of infected vectors and marsupials in human dwellings or when humans invade the forest for different activities such as hunting, fishing, logging, tourism, etc. [11]. The invasion of vectors in human dwellings may occur during deforestation or when their blood sources such as wild mammals are scarce due to deforestation itself, over hunting or during Amazonian Reservoir Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.5772/intechopen.86158 the wet season.…”

Section: Chagas Disease Transmission In the Amazon Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The invasion of vectors in human dwellings may occur during deforestation or when their blood sources such as wild mammals are scarce due to deforestation itself, over hunting or during Amazonian Reservoir Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.5772/intechopen.86158 the wet season. Thus, vectors fly from the trees at night attracted by the lights and invade the houses in search of blood meals [11,12]. Nymphs and adults of triatomines infected with T. cruzi have been found on palm trees in backyards and inside the houses in Amazonian villages.…”

Section: Chagas Disease Transmission In the Amazon Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amazonian Reservoir Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi

Lazo¹,

Mayor²,

Lescano³

2019

Biology of Trypanosoma Cruzi

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The epidemiology of Trypanosoma cruzi in the wild is a particular and highly dynamic scenario that needs attention due to the increased alteration of the environment caused by different factors including anthropogenic change. This chapter is an updated summary about the known reservoir hosts of T. cruzi identified in the countries that share the Amazon rainforest. This information will provide a better understanding of the ecology of T. cruzi in sylvatic environments. This chapter will also contribute to address the potential risks of T. cruzi infection in Amazonian communities who are in contact with wild animals through hunting and wild meat consumption.

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Section: Chagas Disease Transmission In the Amazon Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chagas Disease Transmission In the Amazon Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazonian Reservoir Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi

Lazo¹,

Mayor²,

Lescano³

2019

Biology of Trypanosoma Cruzi

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“…Transmission typically occurs via a triatomine bug vector, but it can also occur via blood transfusion, organ transplantation, congenital transmission, the oral route, and accidental infection (Luquetti and Schmuñis 2010). Recent outbreaks reported in Latin America have been caused by foodborne transmission of T. cruzi due to ingestion of contaminated beverages (Yoshida 2008; Coura and Junqueira 2015). The consumption of infected animal blood or raw or undercooked meat also represents a risk of infection due to the presence of blood trypanomastigotes and tissue amastigotes (Pereira et al 2010; Rueda et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Trypanosomatids and Trypanosoma cruzi in Primates from Peru

Aysanoa

Mayor

Mendoza³

et al. 2017

EcoHealth

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We determined the prevalence rate and risk of infection of Trypanosoma cruzi and other trypanosomatids in Peruvian non-human primates (NHPs) in the wild (n = 126) and in different captive conditions (n = 183). Blood samples were collected on filter paper, FTA cards, or EDTA tubes and tested using a nested PCR protocol targeting the 24Sα rRNA gene. Main risk factors associated with trypanosomatid and T. cruzi infection were genus and the human–animal context (wild vs captive animals). Wild NHPs had higher prevalence of both trypanosomatids (64.3 vs 27.9%, P < 0.001) and T. cruzi (8.7 vs 3.3%, P = 0.057), compared to captive NHPs, suggesting that parasite transmission in NHPs occurs more actively in the sylvatic cycle. In terms of primate family, Pitheciidae had the highest trypanosomatid prevalence (20/22, 90.9%) and Cebidae had the highest T. cruzi prevalence (15/117, 12.8%). T. cruzi and trypanosomatids are common in Peruvian NHPs and could pose a health risk to human and animals that has not been properly studied.

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“…in the Amazon), where some juices have been contaminated with sylvatic triatomine feces containing T . cruzi [5,6,7]. In addition to acute infections, 1.9 to 4.6 million people are estimated to be chronically infected, approximately 1.0 to 2.4% of the Brazilian population, resulting in about 6,000 deaths annually [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Based Entomological Surveillance Reveals Urban Foci of Chagas Disease Vectors in Sobral, State of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe aim of this work was to explore the potential risk of vector-borne Chagas disease in urban districts in northeastern Brazil, by analyzing the spatiotemporal distributions and natural infection rates with Trypanosoma cruzi of triatomine species captured in recent years. The main motivation of this work was an acute human case of Chagas disease reported in 2008 in the municipality of Sobral.Methodology/principal findingsWe analyzed data from community-based entomological surveillance carried out from 2010 to 2014. Triatomine natural T. cruzi infection was assessed by examination of insect feces by optical microscopy. Sites of triatomine capture were georeferenced through Google Earth and analyzed with ArcGIS. A total of 191 triatomines were collected, consisting of 82.2% Triatoma pseudomaculata, 7.9% Rhodnius nasutus, 5.8% T. brasiliensis, 3.7% Panstrongylus lutzi, and 0.5% P. megistus, with an overall natural infection index of 17.8%. Most infestations were reported in the districts of Dom José (36.2%), Padre Palhano (24.7%), and Alto do Cristo (10.6%). The overwhelming majority of insects (185/96.9%) were captured inside houses, and most insects tended to be collected in intermittent peaks. Moreover, captured triatomines tended to constitute colonies. The acute case reported in 2008 was found to be situated within a T. pseudomaculata hotspot.ConclusionThe triatomine collection events carried out by dwellers were aggregated in time and space into distinct foci, suggesting that insects are intermittently and artificially introduced into the city, possibly via accidental migration from their natural reservoirs. The relatively high T. cruzi infection rate indicates considerable circulation of the parasite in these areas, increasing the risk of vector-borne Chagas disease infection. These data suggest a need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and integrate appropriate control actions targeting triatomines, T. cruzi reservoirs, and human populations. Our data also identify Chagas disease transmission as a hazard in urban areas of Sobral.

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Ecological diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the Amazon basin. The main scenaries in the Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 26 publications

References 47 publications

Amazonian Reservoir Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi

Amazonian Reservoir Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi

Molecular Epidemiology of Trypanosomatids and Trypanosoma cruzi in Primates from Peru

Community-Based Entomological Surveillance Reveals Urban Foci of Chagas Disease Vectors in Sobral, State of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil

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