Ecological Half-Lives of 137Cs in Fishes from the Savannah River Site

Paller, Michael H.; Littrell, J. W.; Peters, Eric L.

doi:10.1097/00004032-199910000-00006

Cited by 18 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…EHL's of fish (Lepomis sp.) collected from locations + 5km apart in Steel Creek similarly differed by more than twofold (3.29 vs. 7.00 years [4]) thus indicating that microhabitat differences in EHL can occur in lotic as well as lentic ecosystems…”

Section: Microhabitat Differences In Ehlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…consumed by members of the hunting/fishing public [4,3,6]. Most of these studies have dealt with one or two aquatic habitats on the SRS: (I) the contaminated floodplain of Steel Creek, a former reactor effluent stream and the riverine swamp into which it empties, and (2) former reactor cooling reservoirs which were inadvertently contaminated as a result of site operations.…”

Section: Cl-181mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It's not surprising that the EHL's of fish and wildlife residing in lotic (stream) ecosystems are shorter than those in similar lentic (reservoir) habitats on the SRS [3,4,5,6]. As a result of the more rapid downstream movement of water and sediments in the lotic ecosystems, contaminated materia!…”

Section: J Ehl's In Lotic Vs Lentic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of radioecology to the development of some modern concepts of ecotoxicology : From ecological half-life to monitored natural attenuation

2002

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Abstract. Many of the modern concepts used in ecotoxicology have historical roots in earlier thinking from the field of radioecology. An example is the concept of Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA), which is an approach to the remediation of contaminated waste sites, based on the natural degradation, sequestration or aging of toxic substances; contaminant inventory reduction proceeds in the absence of engineered treatment or removal activities. Because of potentially reduced costs compared to other alternatives for waste site remediation, MNA has rapidly become a popular topic for research and development. Many years ago however, the field of radioecology recognized that biota and other ecosystem components contaminated with radioactive materials naturally decreased their contaminant burdens over time as the result of physical isotope decay and/or as the contaminants were sequestered or otherwise became unavailable for biological uptake. In the field of radioecology, this process is quantified as the ecological half-life (EHL), which is the time required for a population or other ecosystem component to reduce its contaminant burden by 50% after first coming into a steady-state with contaminant levels in other parts of its environment. Because of the ease with which they can be quantified in living organisms and environmental media, gamma-emitting radionuclides have proved particularly useful for describing and quantifying EHLs in a variety of habitats. We summarize EHL studies based on more than 30 years of data for declines in m Cs levels in habitats at a former nuclear weapons production facility in die southeastern United States. These studies of EHL are then related to the development of MNA programs for nonradioactive contaminants in these same or similar habitats. Of particular importance is the finding that EHL's can vary between habitat types for the same contaminant. Even within the same habitat, EHL's can vary spatially across microhabitats as well as between ecosystem components (e.g. in plants vs. animals) or even between species within a single trophic level/taxonomic group.

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Section: Microhabitat Differences In Ehlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cl-181mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of radioecology to the development of some modern concepts of ecotoxicology : From ecological half-life to monitored natural attenuation

2002

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“…To estimate the recovery time in radioactive contaminated area is very important at the view of radiation protection. Recently, the concept of the effective ecological half-lives has been introduced to estimate the recovery time and been applicable to various ecosystems [1][2][3]. The effective ecological half-lives describes the decrease in contaminant concentration in ecosystem over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective ecological half-lives of Cs-137 for fishes controlled by their surrounding sea-waters

Morita

Yoshida

2005

Radioprotection

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Abstract. National Research Institute of Fisheries Science (NRIFS) has carried out the long term monitoring program for radioactive pollution in marine organisms caught around Japan in order to confirm the safety of marine organisms as food source. Recently, the effective ecological half-lives have been introduced to estimate the recovery time from radioactive pollution. In this study, the effective ecological half-lives of Cs-137 for some fishes were calculated from our monitoring data. It is known that fish species have each effective ecological half-lives. However, it has been unclear what change these half-lives of Cs-137 for fishes. Fishes intake Cs-137 through food chain and directly from their surrounding seawater. Therefore, the effective ecological half-lives of Cs-137 for some fishes would be controlled by the effective environment half-lives of Cs-137 for their surrounding seawater. There is difference in the effective environment half-lives between the open ocean and the coastal seawaters. Some fishes move between the open ocean and the coastal areas, and therefore their effective ecological half-lives are influenced by the effective environment half-lives for seawaters of both areas. Consequently, the rate of the influence by seawater in each area would produce the differences in the effective ecological half-lives among fish species.

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“…Although these releases no longer occur and radionuclide levels are declining, measurable contamination is still present in fish from SRS streams (Paller et al, 1999(Paller et al, , 2002Paller and Dyer, 2003). Consumption of these fish is one of the most important offsite pathways for human exposure to SRS radionuclides (Jannik, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%