Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on pistachio orchard soil arthropods

Hodson, Amanda K.; Siegel, Joel P.; Lewis, Edwin E.

doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.10.005

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The effects of predator and parasites of EPNs are regularly investigated Greenwood et al, 2011;Hodson et al, 2011;Jaffee and Strong, 2005;Ram et al, 2008). Competition between EPNs and other nematodes has been proposed, but the effects of competition on biological control is unknown (Duncan et al, 2003(Duncan et al, , 2007.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide interguild relationships among entomopathogenic and free-living nematodes in soil as measured by real time qPCR

Campos‐Herrera

El-Borai

Duncan

2012

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are promising biological control agents of soil-dwelling insect pests of many crops. These nematodes are ubiquitous in both natural and agricultural areas. Their efficacy against arthropods is affected directly and indirectly by food webs and edaphic conditions. It has long been suggested that a greater understanding of EPN ecology is needed to achieve consistent biological control by these nematodes and the development of molecular tools is helping to overcome obstacles to the study of cryptic organisms and complex interactions. Here we extend the repertoire of molecular tools to characterize soil food webs by describing primers/probe set to quantify certain free-living, bactivorous nematodes (FLBNs) that interact with EPNs in soil. Three FLBN isolates were recovered from soil baited with insect larvae. Morphological and molecular characterization confirmed their identities as Acrobeloides maximum (RT-1-R15C and RT-2-R25A) and Rhabditis rainai (PT-R14B). Laboratory experiments demonstrated the ability of these FLBNs to interfere with the development of Steinernema diaprepesi, Steinernema riobrave and Heterorhabditis indica parasitizing the weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (P<0.001), perhaps due to resource competition. A molecular probe was developed for the strongest competitor, A. maximum. We selected the highly conserved SSU rDNA sequence to design the primers/probe, because these sequences are more abundantly available for free-living nematodes than ITS sequences that can likely provide better taxonomic resolution. Our molecular probe can identify organisms that share ⩾98% similarity at this locus. The use of this molecular probe to characterize soil communities from samples of nematode DNA collected within a citrus orchard revealed positive correlations (P<0.01) between Acrobeloides-group nematodes and total numbers of EPNs (S. diaprepesi, H. indica and Heterorhabditis zealandica) as well as a complex of nematophagous fungi comprising Catenaria sp. and Monachrosporium gephyropagum that are natural enemies of EPNs. These relationships can be broadly interpreted as supporting Linford's hypothesis, i.e., decomposition of organic matter (here, insect cadavers) greatly increases bactivorous nematodes and their natural enemies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide interguild relationships among entomopathogenic and free-living nematodes in soil as measured by real time qPCR

Campos‐Herrera

El-Borai

Duncan

2012

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…Despite their wide use, though, we know relatively little of the nematodes' ecological fate after application. In large-scale field trials for control of navel orangeworm in California pistachios (Madera Co.), we found that populations of the earwig, Forficula auricularia Linnaeus (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), were significantly lower in areas treated with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser strain All (P = 0.03, average 8.2 earwigs ±1.9 for controls and 4.8 ± 1.1 for treatments; Hodson, 2010). These data led us to begin laboratory experiments to clarify the relationship between these two species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

European earwig (Forficula auricularia) as a novel host for the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae

Hodson

Friedman

et al. 2011

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…For example, larvae, pupae and adults of the non-target longhorn beetle Rhagium bifasciatum Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) all supported reproduction of EPN applied against pine weevil, producing up to 140,000 IJs per insect (Harvey, Alameen, & Griffin, 2012). In a field study, persistence of applied S. carpocapsae was positively correlated with abundance of tenebrionid beetles, indicating possible use of these beetles for recycling (Hodson, Siegel, & Lewis, 2012). Non-target insects may be important as reservoir hosts for maintenance of EPN populations over periods where target host susceptible stages are absent.…”

Section: Infection and Reproduction: Recycling In Targets And Non-tarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour and Population Dynamics of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Following Application

Griffin

2015

Nematode Pathogenesis of Insects and Other Pests

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Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on pistachio orchard soil arthropods

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

Wide interguild relationships among entomopathogenic and free-living nematodes in soil as measured by real time qPCR

Wide interguild relationships among entomopathogenic and free-living nematodes in soil as measured by real time qPCR

European earwig (Forficula auricularia) as a novel host for the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae

Behaviour and Population Dynamics of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Following Application

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