Ecological Interface Design of a Tactical Airborne Separation Assistance Tool

Dam, S.B.J. Van; Mulder, Max; Paassen, M.M. van

doi:10.1109/tsmca.2008.2001069

Cited by 75 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In previous research, the solution space-based metric proved to be a more objective and scenario-independent metric than a weighted combination of scenario properties, in which the weights are highly dependent on the baseline scenarios considered. 11,14,15 Initial work by Van Dam et al 17 has introduced the application of Solution Space in aircraft separation problems from the pilot's perspective. Hermes et al 11 , D'Engelbronner et al 14 and Mercado-Velasco et al 15 have continued the idea of using solution space in aircraft separation problem but for the Air Traffic Control (ATC) problem.…”

Section: B the Solution Space Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using the Solution Space Diagram in Measuring the Effect of Sector Complexity During Merging Scenarios

Rahman

Paassen

2011

AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference

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When designing Air Traffic Control (ATC) sectors and procedures, traffic complexity and workload are important issues. For predicting ATC workload, metrics based on the Solution Space Diagram (SSD) have been proposed. This paper studies the effect of sector design on workload and SSD metrics. When considering the SSD in evaluation of a sector, each aircraft within the sector introduces a zone of conflict, the Forbidden Beam Zone (FBZ), on the SSD. The properties of these FBZ are systematically studied to increase understanding of the SSD usability in assessing workload and sector complexity. The effects of sector design variables on Air Traffic Controller (ATCo) workload and also SSD properties were evaluated. Example of sector properties are, number of streams to be merged, the merge angle, the proximity of incoming aircraft and the variability of traffic mix of small and large aircraft. Based on the findings, each sector design variable leads to different effect on both workload and SSD properties. Apart from that, correlation between the workload and the SSD properties were found to be in a higher level than of the number of aircraft within the sector, proving that the SSD-based analysis to be a good workload indicator. These correlations were studied based on two different groups of subjects with ranging experience in order to demonstrate the robustness of the method. Nomenclature A total= Total area A mean = Mean area n Sect = Number of aircraft in the sector n All = Number of aircraft showed to the controller N Command = Number of command N Conflict = Number of conflict

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Section: B the Solution Space Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Forbidden Beam Zone (FBZ) of Van Dam et al 17 has been at the basis for presenting the SSD. It is based on analyzing conflicts between aircraft in the relative velocity plane.…”

Section: Construction Of the Solution Space Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Solution Space Diagram in Measuring the Effect of Sector Complexity During Merging Scenarios

Rahman

Paassen

2011

AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference

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“…The criterium for safe separation is keeping aircraft outside each other's protected zone-a puck-shaped volume, having a radius of 5 nm horizontally and 1000 ft vertically. In previous research, the work domain of airborne selfseparation (i.e., CD&R for pilots) has been analyzed and summarized in an AH (Dam et al 2008;Ellerbroek et al 2013). This control problem is similar to the work domain of an air traffic controller, but with the difference that a controller is responsible for more than one aircraft.…”

Section: Work Domain Of Cdandrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. For more details on the design, the reader is referred to previous work (e.g., Dam et al 2008;Ellerbroek et al 2013;Mercado Velasco et al 2015).…”

Section: Solution Space Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological interface design: supporting fault diagnosis of automated advice in a supervisory air traffic control task

2017

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Future air traffic control will have to rely on more advanced automation to support human controllers in their job of safely handling increased traffic volumes. A prerequisite for the success of such automation is that the data driving it are reliable. Current technology, however, still warrants human supervision in coping with (data) uncertainties and consequently in judging the quality and validity of machine decisions. In this study, ecological interface design was used to assist controllers in fault diagnosis of automated advice, using a prototype ecological interface (called the solution space diagram) for tactical conflict detection and resolution in the horizontal plane.Results from a human-in-the-loop simulation, in which sixteen participants were tasked with monitoring automation and intervening whenever required or desired, revealed a significant improvement in fault detection and diagnosis in a complex traffic scenario. Additionally, the experiment also exposed interesting interaction patterns between the participants and the advisory system, which seemed unrelated to the fault diagnosis task. Here, the explicit meansends links appeared to have affected participants' control strategy, which was geared toward taking over control from automation, regardless of the fault condition. This result suggests that in realizing effective human-automation teamwork, finding the right balance between offering more insight (e.g., through ecological interfaces) and striving for compliance with single (machine) advice is an avenue worth exploring further.

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“…5 To resolve these issues, control augmentation techniques can be used to create easy and safe aircraft handling characteristics and new ways of using and presenting information on flight displays can be explored to improve SA and decision-making. [6][7][8] This paper, however, only deals with improving flight safety by means of a Flight Envelope Protection (FEP) control system that allows for a "carefree maneuvering" concept for small aircraft.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Practical Flight Envelope Protection Systems for Small Aircraft

Falkena

Borst

Mulder³

2010

AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference

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Personal air transportation utilizing small aircraft is a market that is expected to grow significantly in the future. For this segment, "stick and rudder" related accidents should be mitigated to guide this process in a safe manner. Instead of downscaling advanced and expensive fly-by-wire platforms that incorporate flight envelope protection found in commercial aircraft, a low cost solution should be considered. This paper focuses on a flight envelope protection system for small aircraft, to allow carefree maneuvering for the less experienced pilot. Preliminary results are obtained from an empirical comparison study in the time domain, between a PID based control limiting approach, a command limiting approach and a constrained Flight Control Law (FCL) approach using Model-based Predictive Control (MPC), with and without parametric model uncertainties. Investigation of the results reveals that, for this study, command limiting and MPC should be preferred over control limiting and that the practicality of command limiting outweighs the small performance increase of MPC.

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Ecological Interface Design of a Tactical Airborne Separation Assistance Tool

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Using the Solution Space Diagram in Measuring the Effect of Sector Complexity During Merging Scenarios

Using the Solution Space Diagram in Measuring the Effect of Sector Complexity During Merging Scenarios

Ecological interface design: supporting fault diagnosis of automated advice in a supervisory air traffic control task

Investigation of Practical Flight Envelope Protection Systems for Small Aircraft

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