Ecological niche partitioning between Anopheles gambiae molecular forms in Cameroon: the ecological side of speciation

Simard, Frédéric; Ayala, Diégo; Kamdem, Guy Colince; Pombi, Marco; Etouna, Joachim; Osé, Kenji; Fotsing, Jean Marie; Fontenille, Didier; Besansky, Nora J.; Costantini, Carlo

doi:10.1186/1472-6785-9-17

Cited by 236 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(173 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

295

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To confirm, we typed a subset of 288 specimens using species identification polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) (Fanello et al 2002;Santolamazza et al 2004) and found that each cluster comprised a single species. In agreement with previous surveys (Wondji et al 2005;Simard et al 2009), our collections indicate that the brackish water breeding An. melas is limited to coastal regions, whereas the arid-adapted An.…”

Section: Population Structure Of An Gambiae Sensu Lato Sibling Speciessupporting

confidence: 80%

Pollutants and insecticides drive local adaptation in African malaria mosquitoes

Kamdem

Fouet

Gamez

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Anopheles gambiae complex contains a number of highly anthropophilic mosquito species that have acquired exceptional ability to thrive in complex human habitats. Thus, examining the evolutionary history of this Afrotropical mosquito may yield vital information on the selective processes that occurred during the adaptation to humandominated environments. We performed reduced representation sequencing on 941 mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex collected across four ecogeographic zones in Cameroon. We find evidence for genetic and geographic subdivision within An. coluzzii and An. gambiae sensu stricto-the two most significant malaria vectors in the region. Importantly, in both species, rural and urban populations are genetically differentiated. Genome scans reveal pervasive signatures of selection centered on genes involved in xenobiotic resistance. Notably, a selective sweep containing detoxification enzymes is prominent in urban mosquitoes that exploit polluted breeding sites. Overall, our study suggests that recent anthropogenic environmental modifications and widespread use of insecticides are driving population differentiation and local adaptation in vectors with potentially significant consequences for malaria epidemiology.

show abstract

Section: Population Structure Of An Gambiae Sensu Lato Sibling Speciessupporting

confidence: 80%

Pollutants and insecticides drive local adaptation in African malaria mosquitoes

Kamdem

Fouet

Gamez

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indoor resting mosquitoes were sampled in September 2007 by insecticide spray sheet collection inside human dwellings, from seven villages spanning a latitudinal gradient from southern rainforest (3°52'N) to northern arid savanna (9°2 5'N) in Cameroon, Central Africa ( Figure 1; for a more detailed ecogeographic description, see Simard et al 2009). Specimens were preserved over desiccant in individual numbered microtubes.…”

Section: Population Sampling and Karyotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequencies of several inversions are positively correlated with aridity, such that frequencies peak and trough between dry and rainy seasons in a repeatable cyclical pattern (Coluzzi et al 1979;Rishikesh et al 1985;Petrarca et al 1990;Toure et al 1998). In addition, latitudinal clines of inversions in West and Central Africa run from mesic rainforest where the inversions are virtually absent, to xeric sahel where they are fixed, or nearly so (Coluzzi et al 1979;Simard et al 2009). Although the precise selective agents have not been established, thermal and desiccation stress are known threats to insects in arid environments (Gibbs 2002), and physiological tests on laboratory colonies of An.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Genomics ofAnopheles gambiaeAlong a Latitudinal Cline: A Population-Resequencing Approach

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The association between fitness-related phenotypic traits and an environmental gradient offers one of the best opportunities to study the interplay between natural selection and migration. In cases in which specific genetic variants also show such clinal patterns, it may be possible to uncover the mutations responsible for local adaptation. The malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae, is associated with a latitudinal cline in aridity in Cameroon; a large inversion on chromosome 2L of this mosquito shows large differences in frequency along this cline, with high frequencies of the inverted karyotype present in northern, more arid populations and an almost complete absence of the inverted arrangement in southern populations. Here we use a genome resequencing approach to investigate patterns of population divergence along the cline. By sequencing pools of individuals from both ends of the cline as well as in the center of the cline-where the inversion is present in intermediate frequency-we demonstrate almost complete panmixia across collinear parts of the genome and high levels of differentiation in inverted parts of the genome. Sequencing of separate pools of each inversion arrangement in the center of the cline reveals large amounts of gene flux (i.e., gene conversion and double crossovers) even within inverted regions, especially away from the inversion breakpoints. The interplay between natural selection, migration, and gene flux allows us to identify several candidate genes responsible for the match between inversion frequency and environmental variables. These results, coupled with similar conclusions from studies of clinal variation in Drosophila, point to a number of important biological functions associated with local environmental adaptation.

show abstract

“…The M and S forms cannot be distinguished morphologically or by other specific phenotypic traits. However, general ecological differences are known (8)(9)(10)(11). The S form breeds in small ephemeral pools and puddles across sub-Saharan Africa, whereas the M form exploits larger, more stable breeding sites closely associated with agricultural or urban activity in West and Central Africa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium

White

Lawniczak

Cheng

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae is diversifying into ecotypes known as M and S forms. This process is thought to be promoted by adaptation to different larval habitats, but its genetic underpinnings remain elusive. To identify candidate targets of divergent natural selection in M and S, we performed genomewide scanning in paired population samples from Mali, followed by resequencing and genotyping from five locations in West, Central, and East Africa. Genome scans revealed a significant peak of M-S divergence on chromosome 3L, overlapping five known or suspected immune response genes. Resequencing implicated a selective target at or near the TEP1 gene, whose complement C3-like product has antiparasitic and antibacterial activity. Sequencing and allele-specific genotyping showed that an allelic variant of TEP1 has been swept to fixation in M samples from Mali and Burkina Faso and is spreading into neighboring Ghana, but is absent from M sampled in Cameroon, and from all sampled S populations. Sequence comparison demonstrates that this allele is related to, but distinct from, TEP1 alleles of known resistance phenotype. Experimental parasite infections of advanced mosquito intercrosses demonstrated a strong association between this TEP1 variant and resistance to both rodent malaria and the native human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Although malaria parasites may not be direct agents of pathogen-mediated selection at TEP1 in nature-where larvae may be the more vulnerable life stage-the process of adaptive divergence between M and S has potential consequences for malaria transmission.ecological speciation | malaria vector | population genomics | thioester immune gene

show abstract

Ecological niche partitioning between Anopheles gambiae molecular forms in Cameroon: the ecological side of speciation

Cited by 236 publications

References 80 publications

Pollutants and insecticides drive local adaptation in African malaria mosquitoes

Pollutants and insecticides drive local adaptation in African malaria mosquitoes

Ecological Genomics ofAnopheles gambiaeAlong a Latitudinal Cline: A Population-Resequencing Approach

Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About