Ecological restoration of coastal wetlands in China: Current status and suggestions

Liu, Ningning; Ma, Zhijun

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110513

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…This has led to the implementation of many restoration projects to reestablish degraded mangrove ecosystem services and recover biodiversity (Bosire et al 2006;Datta & Deb 2012;Worthington & Spalding 2018). Ecological restoration of degraded mangroves is a commonly used method for recovering coastal wetlands and associated ecosystem services (Lewis 2005;Ellison et al 2020;Liu & Ma 2024). Ecological restoration aims to restore the integrity of ecological systems by enhancing ecosystem health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services while promoting sustainable interactions between humans and the environment (SER 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the long‐term vegetation and soil characteristics of restored mangroves: a case study from Guyana's coast

Ram,

Sheaves,

Waltham

2024

Restoration Ecology

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The global urgency to halt and reverse mangrove loss has led to the implementation of numerous initiatives to protect and restore mangroves and recover critical ecological functions and services. Restoration success is assessed by estimating mangrove survival, while diversity, vegetation structure, and soil characteristics are often overlooked with no long‐term monitoring. Here, we investigated long‐term changes in vegetation and soil characteristics of Avicennia germinans‐dominated stands planted along Guyana's coast between 5 and 11 years old. A chronosequence approach was used to examine changes in vegetation and soil parameters in restored mangrove stands of different ages compared to natural stands of the same ages. Tree height, diameter, and aboveground biomass were inconsistent between restored and natural mangrove stands. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the soil properties were the important factors influencing both the restored and natural mangrove communities. There were no clear trajectories between the vegetation and soil characteristics with age, possibly due to site‐specific and hydrodynamic environmental factors, such as tidal dynamics, riverine inputs, and climatic variations. While there were some equivalent vegetation and soil characteristics at the end of the first decade after restoration, the restored mangroves may require a longer timespan (approximately 25 years) than the period overserved in our study to be entirely identical to the natural mangroves. This case study from Guyana provides valuable insights into the ecological processes driving mangrove recovery dynamics, growth patterns, and restoration effectiveness and offers reliable data needed to inform future restoration projects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the long‐term vegetation and soil characteristics of restored mangroves: a case study from Guyana's coast

Ram,

Sheaves,

Waltham

2024

Restoration Ecology

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Optimizing mangrove afforestation: Mollusc biodiversity comparisons reveal optimal mudflat–mangrove area ratio

Lin,

Luo,

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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In recent decades, mangrove wetlands globally have suffered from human activities and climate change, leading to issues like area reduction, degraded ecological functions and declining biodiversity. Restoration efforts, primarily through mangrove afforestation (i.e. mangrove plantation in mudflats), have been widespread, yet they often overlook the significance of unvegetated mudflats. In addition, under the condition that the total area of suitable mudflats is limited, the problem of what is the threshold of mangrove forests and unvegetated mudflats to better protect mangrove biodiversity has not been solved. Therefore, this study conducted a field survey of molluscs in mangrove wetlands in Hainan Island in China and explored the relative importance of mangroves and unvegetated mudflats through taxonomic alpha diversity and functional diversity. The results showed that (1) mollusc abundance of unvegetated mudflats was notably higher than this of mangrove forests, and the species richness, functional richness and functional vulnerability were significantly lower than those of mangrove forests; (2) the abundance and functional vulnerability of molluscs were mainly affected by sediment properties (pH, interstitial water salinity, median diameter, total nitrogen, C/N ratio), while the species richness and functional richness of molluscs were primarily influenced by vegetation structure (plant density); and (3) retaining at least 20% of the unvegetated mudflat area could well protect the biodiversity of mangrove wetlands. To our knowledge, our study is the first to propose the proportion of mangrove forests and unvegetated mudflats on the basis of benthic biodiversity, providing theoretical support and decision‐making reference for mangrove protection and restoration.

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Study on Territorial Spatial Equilibrium Based on Ecosystem Service Value: A Case Study of the Southwest Guangxi Karst‐Beibu Gulf, China

Zhang,

Hu,

2024

Land Degrad Dev

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Exploring the regional territorial spatial equilibrium state (TSES) has emerged as a key goal of “Two Mountains” planning and decision‐making, as well as territorial spatial governance. However, there is still a shortage of perspectives that consider the ecosystem service value (ESV) to reveal and predict TSES. To this end, this study develops a framework for analyzing the interaction between ESV and socio‐economic value (SEV), investigates the pattern, process, and mechanism of their interaction employing spatial equilibrium model, and couples the MOP‐PLUS model to predict the interaction between the two under different scenarios, in order to fill in the gaps of the current research. The results show that: (1) From 1980 to 2020, the ESV (decreasing trend) and SEV (increasing trend) in the Southwest Guangxi Karst‐Beibu Gulf (SGK‐BG) show opposite trends and distribution patterns. Under all three simulated projection scenarios, the projected ESV of SGK‐BG in 2030 shows different degrees of decreases, with economic development leading to the greatest fluctuations in the rate of decrease; the implementation of an ecological protection strategy leads to a small decrease in the SEV, and vice versa. (2) The TSE for coordinated equilibrium state (CES) districts and counties are mainly clustered in the GSK region, with the number in 2020 increasing by 30% compared to 1980; the ecological imbalance state (EIS) areas are mainly located in the central part of the study area and some districts along the coast of the Beibu Gulf, and the developmental imbalance state (DIS) areas are located in the northwestern part of the study area. The above three TSES have the highest number of distributions in the business as usual scenario (BAUS), the economic development first scenario (EDFS), and the ecological conservation first scenario (ECFS), respectively. The above differences in different spatial equilibriums reveal a serious developmental imbalance between economic development and ecological conservation. This study emphasizes the pathways evolution of different equilibrium subregions under the realization of ESV, and the evaluation results are not only a useful supplement to the research on the “Two Mountains” theory, but also can help policymakers to provide scientific decisions in promoting the synergistic, equilibrium and orderly development of the region.

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Ecological restoration of coastal wetlands in China: Current status and suggestions

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

Tracking the long‐term vegetation and soil characteristics of restored mangroves: a case study from Guyana's coast

Tracking the long‐term vegetation and soil characteristics of restored mangroves: a case study from Guyana's coast

Optimizing mangrove afforestation: Mollusc biodiversity comparisons reveal optimal mudflat–mangrove area ratio

Study on Territorial Spatial Equilibrium Based on Ecosystem Service Value: A Case Study of the Southwest Guangxi Karst‐Beibu Gulf, China

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