Ecological Risk Assessment for seabird interactions in Western and Central Pacific longline fisheries

Waugh, Susan M.; Filippi, Dominique; Kirby, David S.; Abraham, Edward R.; Walker, Nathan A.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2011.11.005

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Catch data provide information on the harvest of target species but do not represent fishing effort because of variable catchability in space and time. As with bycatch data, fishing effort mapping has been hindered by a lack of data, but there have been a number of attempts to map fishing effort in large ocean regions (35,(55)(56)(57). Even with the inherent imprecision of such mapping exercises and their inability to capture dynamic changes to fisheries, these maps, together with bycatch data, can serve as the foundation for spatially explicit bycatch risk assessments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle bycatch reveal taxa-specific and cumulative megafauna hotspots

Lewison

Crowder

Wallace³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

394

313

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Recent research on ocean health has found large predator abundance to be a key element of ocean condition. Fisheries can impact large predator abundance directly through targeted capture and indirectly through incidental capture of nontarget species or bycatch. However, measures of the global nature of bycatch are lacking for air-breathing megafauna. We fill this knowledge gap and present a synoptic global assessment of the distribution and intensity of bycatch of seabirds, marine mammals, and sea turtles based on empirical data from the three most commonly used types of fishing gears worldwide. We identify taxa-specific hotspots of bycatch intensity and find evidence of cumulative impacts across fishing fleets and gears. This global map of bycatch illustrates where data are particularly scarce-in coastal and small-scale fisheries and ocean regions that support developed industrial fisheries and millions of small-scale fishers-and identifies fishing areas where, given the evidence of cumulative hotspots across gear and taxa, traditional species or gear-specific bycatch management and mitigation efforts may be necessary but not sufficient. Given the global distribution of bycatch and the mitigation success achieved by some fleets, the reduction of air-breathing megafauna bycatch is both an urgent and achievable conservation priority.fisheries bycatch | trophic downgrading | longlines | gillnets | trawls

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle bycatch reveal taxa-specific and cumulative megafauna hotspots

Lewison

Crowder

Wallace³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

394

313

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“…The species profiles generally described sensitivity of biological or operational systems to climate signals and the scoring assessment focused on the adaptive capacity of the farming process including its capacity to control environmental conditions. This study developed a screening-level assessment, which is seen as a valuable approach to guide the selection and prioritization of future research and development of cost-effective solutions (Scandol et al 2009, Waugh et al 2012). The results from this risk assessment have been presented at several conferences, workshops, and industry and management forums and are already guiding the development of strategic research plans with several of the industry groups in south-east Australia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the risk of climate change to aquaculture: a case study from south-east Australia

Doubleday¹,

Clarke²,

Li³

et al. 2013

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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A qualitative screening-level risk assessment was developed to evaluate relative levels of risk from climate change to aquaculture industries. The assessment was applied to 7 major industries in the temperate south-east region of Australia and involved a simple, transparent and repeatable methodology that was appropriate for a range of different aquaculture systems and taxa. Two key stages were involved: the development of comprehensive expertise-based literature reviews or 'species profiles' and a scoring assessment, with the latter providing a defined framework within which industries could be ranked (from high to low risk). In addition to informing the second stage of the risk assessment process, the species' profiles also highlighted important climate change drivers and key information uncertainties and knowledge gaps. There was good resolution among the scoring assessments, with only 2 industries receiving the same risk score. The results indicated that oysters farmed from wild spat (Sydney rock oysters Saccostrea glomerata) were at most risk to climate change, with warm temperate hatchery-based finfish species (yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi) being the least at risk. This study provides critical guidance for scientists, resource managers and stakeholders for future research, both in addressing key knowledge gaps and focussing the development of more detailed risk analyses for high risk aquaculture industries in south-east Australia.KEY WORDS: Risk assessment · Climate change · Aquaculture · AustraliaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…The PSA, in the framework of an Ecological Risk Analysis (ERA) for exploited species or populations, helps to identify which species of those that interact with a given fishery are the most vulnerable and thus exposed to the greatest risk Patrick et al 2010;Arrizabalaga et al 2011;Hobday et al 2011;Ormset & Spencer 2011;Waugh et al 2012;Tuck et al 2011). In the context of an ERA, the present analysis is a level 2 or semi-quantitative analysis due to the nature of the information available (Hobday et al 2007(Hobday et al , 2011.…”

Section: Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis (Psa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to estimate the productivity of the various species of seabird we used the approximation developed by Waugh et al (2009) to produce a PSA for birds in the fisheries of New Zealand, and by Filippi et al (2010) for the longline fleets in the central and western Pacific. This approximation is based on the "Demographic Invariant Method" (DIM) developed by Niel and Lebreton (2005) in the context of conservation biology, and it is highly applicable to Procellariiformes (see Niel and Lebreton 2005;Fletcher 2008, 2011;Babraud et al 2009;Kirby et al 2009;Waugh et al 2009;Tuck 2011), where there are frequently few data for threatened or rare species. Productivity is estimated as the rate of maximum population growth (λ max ), which is the rate of annual growth of a population of a species without limiting factors and at low density (Niel and Lebreton 2005).…”

Section: Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This concept has been widely applied in Procellariiformes and other seabirds (Niel and Lebreton 2005;Fletcher 2008, 2011;Barbraud et al 2009;Kirby et al 2009;Waugh et al 2009, Zydeli et al 2009Tuck 2011) as it is calculated with minimal demographic information. If there is information on the level of bycatch, the application of this concept offers the opportunity to assess the relative impact of the fishery in the different populations/species.…”

Section: Potential Biological Removal Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk assessment and relative impact of Uruguayan pelagic longliners on seabirds

Jiménez

Domingo²,

Abreu³

et al. 2012

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Bycatch in longline fisheries is considered one of the main threats for the conservation of albatrosses and petrels worldwide. However, the relative impact of fisheries on all the affected populations or species still remains poorly understood. This paper applied a Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) and the concept of "Potential Biological Removal Level" (PBR) to assess the relative impact caused by the Uruguayan pelagic longline fishery on several populations. This two-step approach allowed us to obtain an objective view of the relative impact of the Uruguayan pelagic longline fleet on most of the populations or species of albatrosses and petrels with high association with this fishery. Of fifteen species considered, fourteen were finally assessed and a ranking of risk derived. The concept of PBR was applied to the nine most at-risk species. The impact of fishing on populations could not be straightforwardly inferred from their bycatch rates. Results indicate that large albatrosses (Diomedea spp.) and Thalassarche chlororhynchos are more affected than some of the main species caught by the fishery (i.e. Thalassarche melanophrys and Procellaria aequinoctialis). Diomedea exulans from South Georgia is likely to be the population most affected by the Uruguayan fleet. This work should be seen as a case study of the fisheries operating in the southwestern Atlantic. The Uruguayan fleet within its operation area was responsible for only the 4.3% to 12.5% of the total annual effort deployed by the different fleets during 2004−2008. The combined impact of these fleets could be sufficiently high to account for many of the observed declines in the populations of D. exulans, D. dabbenena and T. chlororhynchos. However, the seabird bycatch numbers for most of the pelagic longline fleets that operate in the southwest Atlantic remain unknown. Applying mitigation measures to reduce the impact of pelagic longline fleets operating in this region should be considered a high priority.

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Ecological Risk Assessment for seabird interactions in Western and Central Pacific longline fisheries

Cited by 53 publications

References 8 publications

Global patterns of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle bycatch reveal taxa-specific and cumulative megafauna hotspots

Global patterns of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle bycatch reveal taxa-specific and cumulative megafauna hotspots

Assessing the risk of climate change to aquaculture: a case study from south-east Australia

Risk assessment and relative impact of Uruguayan pelagic longliners on seabirds

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