Ecological Significance of the Biological Activity in Soil

Nannipieri, Paolo; Grégo, S.; Ceccanti, B.; Bollag, Jean‐Marc; Stotzky, G.

doi:10.1201/9780203739389-6

Cited by 262 publications

(135 citation statements)

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“…Herbicide bromoxynil also increases the alkaline phosphatase in soil with higher pH (8.0) (Abbas et al 2015). Moreover, the decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity in field soil treated with 10FR of tebuconazole may have been associated with the inhibitory effect of fungicide on the indigenous fungi, which are known to be soil producers of alkaline phosphatase (Nannipieri et al 1990). Aryl sulfatase activity Tebuconazole treatment at FR and 2FR shows innocuous effect on arylsulfatase activity except little stimulation at 2FR between 30 and 45 days in the experimental year of 2013 ( Fig.…”

Section: Phosphatase Activitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Enzymatic activities and microbial biomass in peanut field soil as affected by the foliar application of tebuconazole

Saha

Pipariya

2016

Environ Earth Sci

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Field experiments in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) soil ecosystem were conducted during the summer seasons (February-June) of the year 2013 and 2014 in black clay soil treated with tebuconazole at field rate (FR), 2-times FR (2FR) and 10-times FR (10FR) as foliar spray to determine the impact of tebuconazole on soil microbial properties and enzymatic activities. Tebuconazole application at FR and 2FR resulted in a short-lived and transitory toxic effect on soil microbial properties and enzymatic activities. The duration of this disturbance was slightly longer at 10FR. Incorporation of tebuconazole in soil resulted in stimulating the soil microbial activity as evidenced by increased ammonification and nitrification rates and increased soil microbial biomass at later stage. However, it was more toxic to soil ergosterol which is the indicator of the presence of viable fungi. Soil enzymatic activities like fluorescein diacetate-hydrolyzing activity, urease, phosphatase and aryl sulfatase are either unaffected or shortly inhibited and then recovered. However, dehydrogenase and nitrate reductase activity decreased more drastically and can be used as valuable indicator to assess the impact of tebuconazole application on soil health. The results indicated that instead of single assays, a broad spectrum analysis of soil microbial and enzymatic activities gives a better insight about the impacts of pesticide on soil health. From this study, it is also concluded that the application of tebuconazole at 10FR had adverse effects on the microbial variables and the effect on long-term application should be studied further.

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Section: Phosphatase Activitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Enzymatic activities and microbial biomass in peanut field soil as affected by the foliar application of tebuconazole

Saha

Pipariya

2016

Environ Earth Sci

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“…Biocontrol fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. living in the rhizosphere can protect plants from soil-borne fungal pathogens, and often this involves the production of antimicrobial compounds, such as 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (Phl) (Defago and Haas, 1990;keel et al 1990;Weller et al 2002). DAPG inhibits growth of several phytopathogenic fungi including Thielaviopsis basicola (tobacco black root rot), Gaeumannomyces graminis var.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and molecular characterization of DAPG-producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Sherathia

Dey

Thomas

et al. 2016

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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) thrive in the rhizosphere of plants and play a beneficial role in plant growth, and development along with biocontrol activities. The present study was undertaken with the aim of developing rhizobacterial inoculants for groundnut for enhancement of growth and yield and suppression of major soil-borne fungal diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii (stem rot) and Aspergillus niger (collar rot). Out of a total of 154 rhizobacterial isolates obtained from groundnut rhizosphere, 78 isolates were selected on the basis of in vitro antifungal activities against three major soil-borne fungal pathogens of groundnut, i.e. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Sclerotium rolfsii. The selected isolates were further screened for the production of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) by the gene specific PCR amplification of phlD gene. A total of 11 rhizobacterial isolates were found to have DAPG-producing genes and selected for further studies. Gene specific primers were also used for characterization of the isolates for plant growth-promoting and biocontrol traits. The qualitative and quantitative estimation of the various attributes of the isolates were also carried out. Majority of the isolates showed production of IAA, siderophores and fluorescent pigments. The DAPG-producing rhizobacterial isolates have great potential as bio-inoculants for groundnut crop for suppressing soil-borne fungal pathogens and to enhance growth and yield.

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“…They produce secondary metabolites such as antibiotics (Keel et al, 1992), Phytohormones (Keel et al, 1992), Volatile compound Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) and siderophores (Defago and Haas, 1990). Plant growth-promoting ability of these bacteria is mainly because of the production of IAA (Patten and Glick, 2002), siderophores (Schippers et al, 1987) and antibiotics (Colyer and Mount, 1984).…”

Section: Fluorescent Pseudomonadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and their potential for biocontrol of phytopathogens

Ramadan¹,

Abdel-Hafez²,

Hassan³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Growth promotion and disease control by rhizobacteria are complex interrelated processes that involve direct and indirect mechanisms. The mechanisms include synthesis of some metabolites (auxin, cytokinin and gibberellins), induction of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, production of siderophore, antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and volatile compounds. They also include mineral solubilization competition, and induction of systemic resistance. These bacteria are suitable as soil inoculants because they have the potential for rapid and aggressive colonization. This feature alone is characterised as a disease control mechanism, which prevents the invasion of detrimental soil microorganisms onto the root surface. Inoculant-based plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is applied extensively on agricultural crops to improve plants' growth and simultaneously reduce chemical inputs like fertilizer and pesticide which can cause environmental degradation. The structure of the rhizobacterial community is affected by several factors including plant genotype and is determined by the amount and composition of root exudates. In addition, soil type and fertility are the contributing factors that shape the community. This form of communication can affect plants' growth, nutrient status and also susceptibility to stress and pathogens in the host plant. PGPR inoculants cause diverse beneficial interactions among plants, which leads to sustainable and environment-friendly agriculture. The application of rhizosphere soil of agricultural crops with desirable bacterial populations is considered promising in both laboratory and greenhouse experiment. Further, a clearer understanding of the way PGPRs promote plants' growth can lead to expanded exploitation of these 'biofertilizers' in order to reduce the potential negative environmental effects associated with food and fiber production.

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Ecological Significance of the Biological Activity in Soil

Cited by 262 publications

References 1 publication

Enzymatic activities and microbial biomass in peanut field soil as affected by the foliar application of tebuconazole

Enzymatic activities and microbial biomass in peanut field soil as affected by the foliar application of tebuconazole

Biochemical and molecular characterization of DAPG-producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and their potential for biocontrol of phytopathogens

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