Ecological studies on the mechanism of bisexual reproduction in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. I. General aspects of bisexual reproduction inducing factors.

Hino, Akinori; Hirano, Reijiro

doi:10.2331/suisan.42.1093

Cited by 64 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…This result indicates that the mictic-female response does not depend on contact with other individuals in a population and thus is consistent with an earlier study with a Connecticut clone (Gilbert 1963a). Crowding also has been shown to induce the production of mictic females in B. plicatilis (Hino and Hirano 1976;Snell and Boyer 1988;Stelzer and Snell 2003), Brachionus angularis, Brachionus variabilis (Gilbert unpubl. data), Epiphanes senta, and Rhinoglena frontalis (Thomas Schröder pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many of these cases, the positive or negative effects of crowding are attributable to unidentified chemicals produced by the population (Seitz 1984;Helgen 1987;Matveev 1993;Goser and Ratte 1994;Burns 1995Burns , 2000Kirk 1998;Yoshinaga et al 1999;Mitchell and Carvalho 2002). In addition, crowding provides a stimulus for the initiation of bisexual reproduction in both Daphnia (Stross and Hill 1965) and Brachionus (Gilbert 1963a(Gilbert , 2002Hino and Hirano 1976;Snell and Boyer 1988). The basis for these crowding effects also is unidentified chemicals produced by the population (Hino and Hirano 1976;Hobaek and Larsson 1990;Kleiven et al 1992;Carmona et al 1993;Stelzer and Snell 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, crowding provides a stimulus for the initiation of bisexual reproduction in both Daphnia (Stross and Hill 1965) and Brachionus (Gilbert 1963a(Gilbert , 2002Hino and Hirano 1976;Snell and Boyer 1988). The basis for these crowding effects also is unidentified chemicals produced by the population (Hino and Hirano 1976;Hobaek and Larsson 1990;Kleiven et al 1992;Carmona et al 1993;Stelzer and Snell 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Specificity of crowding response that induces sexuality in the rotifer Brachionus

Gilbert

2003

Limnology & Oceanography

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Crowding induced the production of mictic (male-producing) females in Brachionus calyciflorus from two North American strains and an Australian strain. The specificity of this response to crowding was tested by culturing single individuals of a North American clone in three treatment conditions: a small volume (high density), a large volume (low density), and a large volume with a high density of an Australian clone. The results were consistent and clear in six experiments using different combinations of clones. Crowding low-density individuals of the North American strains with the Australian strain failed to induce them to produce mictic females. The mictic-female response in this treatment was similar to that in the low-density treatment, and both of these responses were significantly lower than that in the high-density treatment. Since the mictic-female response to crowding in Brachionus is mediated by a chemical produced by the rotifers themselves, the chemical inducers produced by the Australian and North American strains must be different. Taxonomically specific responses to crowding should increase fitness by assuring that sexual reproduction in the heterogonic life cycle coincides with a high population density of individuals able to mate with one another and, thus, when the production of fertilized resting eggs can be maximized. This would be especially important in plankton communities with diverse rotifer assemblages and multiple congeneric species. Otherwise, a low-density population of a species could be induced to initiate bisexual reproduction by populations of other species, curtailing its potential for population growth via female parthenogenesis and limiting its production of resting eggs in the future.Changes in zooplankton demographics and reproductive mode may occur at high population densities, and they can be induced by chemicals produced by the population itself. Crowding in laboratory populations of cladocerans and rotifers can affect feeding, growth, age at first reproduction, and fecundity. In many of these cases, the positive or negative effects of crowding are attributable to unidentified chemicals produced by the population

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specificity of crowding response that induces sexuality in the rotifer Brachionus

Gilbert

2003

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…He showed that individual females cultured in small volumes self-induce mictic offspring at rates comparable to females cultured together. Self-induction has been demonstrated in other Brachionus species as well (Hino and Hirano 1976;Carmona et al 1993). An additional experiment of Hino and Hirano (1976) demonstrated that mixis in a high-density culture of Brachionus plicatilis can be suppressed by frequent replacement of the culture medium.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The current model is that the mixis chemical is sensed by the amictic mother, stimulating her to produce mictic offspring (Gilbert 1963). This process seems to be reversible because Hino and Hirano (1976) demonstrated that individual mothers can switch back to producing amictic offspring as soon as the renewal rate of the medium is increased (i.e., the concentration of the mixis chemical is decreased). This suggests that the constant production of mictic offspring requires a constant presence of the mixis chemical.…”

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confidence: 99%

Induction of sexual reproduction in Brachionus plicatilis (Monogononta, Rotifera) by a density‐dependent chemical cue

Stelzer

Snell

2003

Limnology & Oceanography

120

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Induction of sexual reproduction in Brachionus plicatilis (Monogononta, Rotifera) by a density-dependent chemical cue Abstract-Induction of mixis (sexual reproduction) in rotifers of the genus Brachionus is believed to be triggered by a chemical that is released into the water and accumulates at high population densities. However, direct and conclusive evidence for this hypothesis is thus far lacking. In this study, two mass cultures of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were monitored as they grew from low to high population densities. Conditioned water was prepared daily from these cultures, and females were exposed in a bioassay, which consisted of juvenile Brachionus, cultured individually in large volumes that would normally suppress mixis. Conditioned water induced mixis in the bioassay at rates comparable to those found in the mass cultures. Both in bioassay and mass cultures, mixis was essentially absent in the beginning of the experiment, when population densities were very low. The first mictic females appeared at densities of 0.1 females ml Ϫ1 , and their proportion increased rapidly as the populations grew to Ͼ1 female ml Ϫ1 . The maximum rates of mixis in the bioassay were highly significant and reached 51% of those observed in the mass cultures. These results strongly support the hypothesis that mixis in Brachionus plicatilis is induced by a density-dependent chemical cue.

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Production and Nutritional Value of Rotifers

Lubzens¹,

Zmora²

2003

Live Feeds in Marine Aquaculture

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Ecological studies on the mechanism of bisexual reproduction in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. I. General aspects of bisexual reproduction inducing factors.

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Specificity of crowding response that induces sexuality in the rotifer Brachionus

Specificity of crowding response that induces sexuality in the rotifer Brachionus

Induction of sexual reproduction in Brachionus plicatilis (Monogononta, Rotifera) by a density‐dependent chemical cue

Production and Nutritional Value of Rotifers

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