“…In the period 1947-2001, the monthly river discharge ranged from < 10 m 3 /s to 4660 m 3 /s and 50% of the recorded values were less than 110 m 3 /s (Fortunato and Oliveira, 2004). The mean river flow measured at Pulo do Lobo station (about 85 km upstream from river mouth) during summer reached 20-25 m 3 /s during 1997 and 1998, before the closure of Alqueva dam and decreased below 10 m 3 /s from 1999 to 2003, during the Alqueva dam construction and filling (Galvão et al, 2012). The estuary exhibits a semi-diurnal, meso-tidal regime with a mean range of approximately 2.5 m. The mean neap tidal range is 1.22 m and the mean spring tidal range is 2.82 m with a maximum spring tidal range of 3.5 m (Garel et al, 2009).…”