Ecologie des coléoptères saproxyliques dans les forêts de l’étage montagnard des Alpes du nord françaises

Abstract

Abstract. Ecology of the saproxylic beetles in mountain forests of the northern French Alps.Both saproxylic beetles and deadwood stocks were studied in order to detect special deadwood features important for these organisms, and to better understand their ecology. A total of 37 window traps were used in ten stations covering four mountain forests in the French northern Alps. In the same time, the deadwood stocks were inventoried in the ten stations. 181 m 3 of deadwood (1219 fragments) were measured and 4268 individuals belonging to 235 saproxylic species were trapped. The deadwood volume ranges from 21.1 to 233.6 m 3 /ha and the number of beetle species from 27 to 113. A positive relation was observed between the stand age, the whole volume of deadwood and the species richness of saproxylic beetles. However, in some deadwood rich sites the beetle diversity is not as high as expected. This was explained by the negative influence of the management history of the forest. The compositions of saproxylic communities depend also of some characteristics of the deadwood stocks. Xylophagous and zoophagous species prefer "not lying and recently dead softwood" while the mycophagous and saproxylophagous species are strongly dependent on fungi growing on hardwood, respectively under "large surfaces of barks" and in "large woody debris". Surprisingly, the majority of the saproxylic beetles living on softwood does not depend on the most represented resinous deadwood type: the "decayed and lying softwood". Résumé.Les coléoptères saproxyliques et les stocks de bois mort ont été étudiés conjointement dans le but de déterminer les caractères importants du bois mort vis-à-vis de ces espèces mais également de mieux connaître leur écologie. Un total de trente sept pièges vitre a été utilisé dans dix stations couvrant quatre forêts de l'étage montagnard des Alpes du nord françaises. 181 m 3 de bois mort (1219 fragments) ont été mesurés et 4268 individus appartenant à 235 espèces saproxyliques ont été piégés. Le volume de bois mort varie d'une station à l'autre depuis 21,1 jusqu'à 233,6 m 3 /ha. Le nombre d'espèces va quant à lui de 27 à 113 selon les pièges. Une relation positive a été observée entre l'âge de la station, le volume de bois mort et la richesse spécifique des coléoptères saproxyliques. Pourtant, dans certains sites, la diversité spécifique n'est pas aussi élevée qu'attendu. Ceci est expliqué par l'influence négative de l'histoire de la gestion de la forêt. Les compositions des communautés de coléoptères saproxyliques dépendent aussi des essences en présence dans les stocks de bois mort. Les xylophages et les zoophages préfèrent les « bois de résineux mort récemment et éloignés du sol » tandis que les mycophages et les saproxylophages sont fortement dépendants des champignons poussant sur les bois de feuillus et respectivement sous « les larges surfaces d'écorce » et dans les « grands fragments de bois mort ». Il est remarquable que la majorité des coléoptères saproxyliques vivant sur le bois mort de résineux ne dépende p...

Linking taxonomical and functional biodiversity of saproxylic fungi and beetles in broad‐leaved forests in southern Italy with varying management histories

“…The number of saproxylic species quantitatively depends on the CWD volume, though qualitatively also on the type and decay stage of the CWD (Heilmann-Clausen & Christensen 2003Christensen , 2004Nordén et al 2004;Sippola et al 2004;Vasiliauskas et al 2004;Dodelin 2006;Edman et al 2006;Ódor et al 2006;Lonsdale et al 2008;Dodelin 2010). Furthermore, several species that are dependent on deadwood do not colonize it but feed on wood decomposers.…”

Saproxylic beetle biodiversity in old‐growth forests of the south‐east of France

“…Coniferous-associated saproxylic communities radically differed from those associated with broad-leaved trees (Dodelin 2006b). The existence of saproxylic communities specific for a tree species or for a kind of deadwood has been pointed out for a long time (Schaefer 1961;Dajoz 1966;Callot 1995;Similä et al 2002b).…”

“…Lindbladh et al 2007). Different kinds of woody debris or different tree species harbour different saproxylic beetles communities (Dodelin 2006a). The dominant tree species was of major importance.…”

“…One important factor influencing the distribution of the saproxylic beetles in France is the tree species that compose the forest (Dodelin 2006a). Communities living in pine or spruce forests radically differ from those in beech forests.…”

Saproxylic beetles in three relict beech forests of central Italy: Analysis of environmental parameters and implications for forest management

“…Saproxylic insects have increasingly been studied over the past 20 years, especially in northern and central Europe, mainly because they make up one of the largest groups of red-listed species in many countries and have been particularly affected by forest management. On the contrary, ecological studies focused on the whole community of saproxylic beetles in southern Europe are scarce and restricted to some areas of Spain and south France (Bouget et al, 2008(Bouget et al, , 2009Brin and Brustel, 2006;Dodelin, 2006;Micó et al, 2013;Quinto et al, 2013;Ricarte et al, 2009;Sirami et al, 2008). There are only two studies published on saproxylic beetle community in Italy, one dealt with some selected beetle families from a floodplain remnant forest in the Po Valley (Hardersen et al, 2012), another one on the taxonomical and http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.040 0378-1127/Ó 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.…”