Ecology and productivity of Cantharellus cibarius var. roseocanus in two eastern Canadian jack pine stands

Abstract

Despite the economic importance of chanterelles, much remains to be known about their habitat requirements. Cantharellus cibarius var. roseocanus Redhead, Norvell & Danell sporocarp productivity was measured during three growing seasons in two Pinus banksiana Lamb. stands of boreal forest. The objective was to determine how the variability in stand, plant association, edaphic, and meteorological conditions was related to sporocarp productivity. DNA of this species was detected in organic and mineral soil horizons. Sporocarp productivity was similar for both stands, but the absence of colonies on trails at one of the sites likely reflects microenvironmental conditions that are unsuitable for chanterelle growth. Under the prevailing site conditions, preferred microhabitats were characterized by high stand density, high C:N ratio, and frequent moss presence. The Solidago puberula Nutt. -Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coulter -Pinus banksiana association, lichen presence, and as much clay and silt content as can possibly be found on this moderately acidic sandy soil favoured the productivity of this chanterelle, whereas ericaceous species presence was negatively correlated with chanterelle productivity. Positive correlations were found between total rainfall 1 week prior to fructification, air temperature 2 weeks prior to fructification, and sporocarp productivity. Results highlight the specific conditions favourable to Cantharellus cibarius var. roseocanus fructifications within these stands.Résumé : Malgré l'importance économique des chanterelles, leurs exigences en matière d'habitat demeurent peu connues. La productivité des carpophores de Cantharellus cibarius var. roseocanus Redhead, Norvell & Danell a été mesurée au cours de trois saisons de croissance dans deux peuplements de Pinus banksiana Lamb. en forêt boréale. L'objectif était de déterminer comment la variabilité du peuplement, des associations végétales, du sol et des conditions météorologiques était reliée à la productivité des carpophores. L'ADN de cette espèce a été détecté dans les horizons organiques et minéraux du sol. La productivité des carpophores n'était pas différente entre les peuplements, mais l'absence de colonies sur les sentiers d'un des sites pourrait refléter des conditions micro-environnementales non convenables à la croissance de cette chanterelle. Dans les conditions actuelles du site, les microhabitats favorables présentaient une forte densité du peuplement, un rapport C : N du sol élevé ainsi que la présence fréquente de mousses. L'association Solidago puberula Nutt. -Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coulter -Pinus banksiana, la présence de lichens et des teneurs en argile et limon les plus élevées possible sur ce sol sableux modérément acide indiquaient des milieux productifs pour cette chanterelle, alors que la présence de plantes éricacées était négativement corrélée. Des corrélations positives ont été trouvées entre le total des précipitations 1 semaine avant la fructification, la température de l'air 2 semaines avant la fructification et la...

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