Ecology and social organization of the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

Abstract

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Patterns of fecal gonadal hormone metabolites in the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

“…concentrations of ovarian steroid metabolites during the preovulatory (days À30 to À10), periovulatory (days À9 to 9) and luteal (days 10-70) phases of reproductively young (n = 2), prime breeding (n = 5) and aged maned wolves (n = 2) Age classes 1 Mean concentrations of estrogen metabolites (ng/g feces) For each steroid, different letters within the same reproductive phases indicate differences (P < 0.05). 1 Females that did not show estrual changes in fecal estrogens and did not ovulate (one young, two aged) excluded. Table 3 Mean AE S.E.M.…”

“…The species is monotypic and found only in Brazil, Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay [1]. However, maned wolves in the wild are threatened with extinction due to habitat loss resulting from expanding agriculture [1]; it is estimated that only 2000 individuals remain in nature [2]. Therefore, maintaining viable ex situ populations is considered an important hedge against extinction, as well as providing a 'research resource' to understand the biology of this charismatic species.…”

“…The preponderance of breeding occurs from 3 to 8 yr of age [3], an interval generally considered prime for reproduction. Litter size is usually one to six pups (mean AE S.E.M., 2.6 AE 0.2), with a gestation period of approximately 65 d [1,5]. The typical lifespan of maned wolves maintained in captivity is 16 yr [3].…”

Hematology and Blood Chemistry Parameters Differ in Free-Ranging Maned Wolves (Chrysocyon Brachyurus) Living in the Serra Da Canastra National Park Versus Adjacent Farmlands, Brazil

“…The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) is the largest canid (20-30 kg) of the Cerrado (grassland) ecosystem in the Brazilian Central Highlands (Dietz, 1984). The species also ranges in Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Peru (Rodden et al, 2004), but its population status is not well defined.…”

Induction of ovarian activity and ovulation in an induced ovulator, the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), using GnRH agonist and recombinant LH

“…Induced ovulation is most commonly reported in mammals among the order Carnivora, and predominantly occurs in solitary species that exhibit multimale mating systems such as felids [36]. Although the maned wolf is solitary in the wild, it is also monogamous [37] and thus, would not benefit from the postcopulatory mate choice that felids exhibit [36]. Because of this species' solitary nature and large home range, it is likely that the maned wolf benefits from induced ovulation by ensuring that ovulation only occurs when the male is in the vicinity.…”