Ecology of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of the Souris River, Manitoba as a Basis for Control Strategy

Abstract

Can. Ent. 113: 223-234 (1981)

Morphometric comparison of Simulium perflavum larvae (Diptera: Simuliidae) in relation to season and gender in Central Amazônia, Brazil

“…Porter (1979, 1981) demonstrated that the size of larvae of S. vittatum can be affected by feeding and temperature under laboratory conditions. Ross and Merritt (1978) and Westwood and Brust (1981) found seven instars in S. vittatum, while Colbo and Porter (1979) reported eight instars. Since this nominal species is composed of several cytospecies, the different results could be a reflection of the inadequacy of species identification based on gross morphology.…”

The Manitoban blackfly fauna with special reference to prospections made in 1983–1985 in central and southern Manitoba (Diptera: Simuliidae)

“…Published records for southem Manitoba are fewer than for the north and the only notable paper is one by Westwood and Brust (1981). These authors reported the occurrence of 10 species collected while investigating the prospects for blackfly control on the Souris river (a southern tributary of the Assiniboine that enters Manitoba from North Dakota).…”

“…Other records: Churchill (Shewell and Fredeen, 1958 [1983]. The Pembina River, where pupae were found, has much the same character as its Souris River tributary, a breeding site described by Westwood and Brust (1981) with interspersed turbulent and slow meandering stretches, much sediment and little emergent vegetation. Other records: Gillam (Shewell, , 1958also CNC); Red River (Shewell, 1958); Souris River (Shewell, 1958;Westwood and Brust, 1981; also ECUM); Aweme and 5 miles SW of Shilo (CNC).…”

“…No specimens were present in the 1984 collections made in June whereas (except for one pupa) all immatures obtained in the 1983 early May collections (980 specimens) were larvae; on the other hand there were only 231 larvae among 772 specimens obtained in the late May sampling of 1985. Other records: Churchill (Hocking and Pickering, 1957;Shewell, , 1958Procunier, 1982; also CNC); Souris River (Westwood and Brust, 1981; also ECUM); Rennie River lake outlet in Whiteshell Provincial Park, 19.v.86 (M. M. Galloway) (NHM). Also Fredeen (1958), no locality.…”

“…Specimens from the work of Westwood and Brust (1981) on the Souris River are in the entomological collection at the University of Manitoba (ECUM). Some material collected by colleagues in 1984 to 1986 provides additional records and is in The Natural History Museum, London (NHM).…”