Ecology of Mushroom-feeding Drosophilidae

Courtney, Steven P.; Kibota, Travis T.; Singleton, Thomas A.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2504(08)60056-2

Cited by 65 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Overall, our findings disagree with previous suggestions (Hanski, 1989 ;Courtney et al, 1990) that insect fungivory on fruit bodies has only neutral effects on fungal reproduction. Within this perspective it seems appropriate to interpret the evolution of some fungal characteristics (i.e.…”

Section: contrasting

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of this evidence, mammal fungivory is considered to be a significant factor in the population dynamics of their associated fungi. By contrast, it has been suggested that fungivory by invertebrates on fruit bodies is unlikely to affect the reproductive potential of fungi (Hanski, 1989 ;Courtney et al, 1990). This assertion is based on the fact that fungivores are more conspicuous in dysfunctional (senescent) fruit bodies than in functional ones.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of fungivory by two specialist ciid beetles (Octotemnus glabriculus and Cis boleti) on the reproductive fitness of their host fungus, Coriolus versicolor

2000

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On the basis of the evidence that insect fungivory has the potential to affect fungal reproductive fitness, we investigated the effects of two specialist ciid beetles (Octotemnus glabriculus and Cis boleti) on the reproductive potential of their host fungus, Coriolus versicolor. We found, from field data, a negative correlation between the number of individuals of O. glabriculus inhabiting C. versicolor fruit bodies and the percentage of the fungal spore‐producing surface (hymenium) that was functional. By contrast, the number of C. boleti inhabiting C. versicolor fruit bodies did not correlate with the percentage of functional hymenium. Experimentally, O. glabriculus and C. boleti reduced the reproductive potential of C. versicolor by 58% and 30%, respectively, whereas the combined trophic activity of both beetles caused a reduction of 64%. This latter effect was not significantly different from that caused by O. glabriculus alone. These findings disagree with previous assertions that insect fungivory on fruit bodies has only neutral effects on fungal fitness. We conclude that in the short‐term, fungivory by ciids significantly decreases the area of functional hymenium of C. versicolor and is likely to reduce fungal reproductive fitness. Within this perspective the evolution of certain fungal characteristics (i.e. chemical composition, consistency and phenology) can be interpreted as being driven by fungivory.

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Section: contrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fungivory by two specialist ciid beetles (Octotemnus glabriculus and Cis boleti) on the reproductive fitness of their host fungus, Coriolus versicolor

2000

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“…The occurrence of Hirtodrosophila, Leucophenga, Mycodrosophila, Scaptomyza and Zygothrica in fungi lends more consistency to the existing literature records (GRIMALDI, 1987;VAL & KANESHIRO, 1988;COURTNEY et al, 1990). Nevertheless, the presence of Zaprionus Coquillett, 1901 in our samples attracted our interest, as the only species observed in the Neotropics, Z. indianus, is considered to be frugivorous.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Some genera, like Drosophila Fallen, 1823, Leucophenga Mik, 1886 and Scaptomyza Hardy, 1849, may have acquired this habit independently (LACY, 1984;HANSKI, 1989;COURTNEY et al, 1990). Yet, apparently this characteristic is synapomorphic in drosophilids of the Zygothrica genus group, a tropical taxa which includes the genera Hirtodrosophila Duda, 1923, Mycodrosophila Oldenberg, 1914, and Zygothrica Wiedemann, 1830 as main representatives (GRIMALDI, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Almost all studies on mycophagous drosophilids have been conducted in North America, Europe and Japan (COURTNEY et al, 1990;BURLA et al, 1991;TODA et al, 1999;YAMASHIDA & HIJII, 2007), and indicate that Drosophila is a genus that abounds in fungi fruiting bodies, and that it may even represent the majority of Diptera that emerge from this substrate (TODA et al, 1999). These investigations also offer evidences that most mycophagous Drosophila species known belong to the pinicola, quinaria, testacea and tripunctata species groups, all of which are included in the immigranstripunctata radiation (REMSEN & O'GRADY, 2002;MARKOW & O'GRADY, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drosophilidae (Diptera) associated to fungi: differential use of resources in anthropic and Atlantic Rain Forest areas

Gottschalk

Bizzo

Döge

et al. 2009

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. This study investigates the Drosophilidae species associated to fruiting bodies of fungi in forested and anthropized environments of the Atlantic Rain Forest Biome, in south and southeastern Brazil. We collected samples of imagoes flying over and emerging from fruiting bodies of species of five fungi families, in six collection sites. We obtained 18 samples, from which emerged 910 drosophilids of 31 species from the genera Drosophila Fallen, 1823, Hirtodrosophila Duda, 1923, Leucophenga Mik, 1886, Mycodrosophila Oldenberg, 1914, Scaptomyza Hardy, 1849, Zaprionus Coquillett, 1901 and Zygothrica Wiedemann, 1830. The Drosophila species collected on fungi, as well as Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970, had previously been recorded colonizing fruits, demonstrating their versatility in resource use. Most of these species belong to the immigrans-tripunctata radiation of Drosophila. Our records expands the mycophagous habit (feeding or breeding on fungi) to almost all species groups of this radiation in the Neotropical region, even those supposed to be exclusively frugivorous. Assemblages associated to fungi of forested areas were more heterogeneous in terms of species composition, while those associated to fungi of anthropized areas were more homogeneous. The drosophilids from anthropized areas were also more versatile in resource use.KEYWORDS. Drosophila, mycophagous insects, feeding sites, breeding sites.RESUMO. Drosophilidae (Diptera) associados a fungos: uso diferenciado de recursos em áreas antrópicas e de Mata Atlântica. Foi realizado um estudo das espécies de Drosophilidae associadas aos corpos de frutificação de fungos em ambientes florestais e antrópicos no Bioma Mata Atlântica, no sul e sudeste do Brasil. Foram realizadas coletas de adultos sobrevoando e emergindo de corpos de frutificação de espécies de fungos de cinco famílias, em seis pontos de coleta. Foram obtidas 18 amostras, onde foram coletados 910 indivíduos de 31 espécies, pertencentes aos gêneros Drosophila Fallen, 1823, Hirtodrosophila Duda, 1923, Leucophenga Mik, 1886, Mycodrosophila Oldenberg, 1914, Scaptomyza Hardy, 1849, Zaprionus Coquillett, 1901 e Zygothrica Wiedemann, 1830. As espécies de Drosophila coletadas, assim como Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970, já haviam sido registradas em frutos, evidenciando sua versatilidade na utilização dos recursos. A maioria destas espécies pertence à radiação immigrans-tripunctata de Drosophila. Em espécies desta radiação que habitam regiões temperadas, a micofagia é amplamente difundida; nossos registros (de sítios de alimentação e oviposição em fungos) expandem este hábito para quase todos os grupos de espécies desta radiação na região Neotropical, mesmo aquelas que se supunham ser exclusivamente frugívoras. As assembléias colonizadoras dos corpos de frutificação variaram entre as espécies de fungos e com o tipo de ambiente em que eles se desenvolviam, onde as espécies de drosofilídeos generalistas utilizam os fungos em ambientes mais degradados. PALAVRAS-CHAVES.Drosophila, insetos micófagos, síti...

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Inter‐ and intraspecific variation in mycotoxin tolerance: A study of four Drosophila species

Kokate

Smith

Hall

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Many mycophagous Drosophila species have adapted to tolerate high concentrations of mycotoxins, an ability not reported in any other eukaryotes. Although an association between mycophagy and mycotoxin tolerance has been established in many Drosophila species, the genetic mechanisms of the tolerance are unknown. This study presents the inter‐ and intraspecific variation in the mycotoxin tolerance trait. We studied the mycotoxin tolerance in four Drosophila species from four separate clades within the immigrans ‐ tripunctata radiation from two distinct locations. The effect of mycotoxin treatment on 20 isofemale lines per species was studied using seven gross phenotypes: survival to pupation, survival to eclosion, development time to pupation and eclosion, thorax length, fecundity, and longevity. We observed interspecific variation among four species, with D. falleni being the most tolerant, followed by D. recens , D. neotestacea , and D. tripunctata , in that order. The results also revealed geographical variation and intraspecific genetic variation in mycotoxin tolerance. This report provides the foundation for further delineating the genetic mechanisms of the mycotoxin tolerance trait.

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Ecology of Mushroom-feeding Drosophilidae

Cited by 65 publications

References 135 publications

Effects of fungivory by two specialist ciid beetles (Octotemnus glabriculus and Cis boleti) on the reproductive fitness of their host fungus, Coriolus versicolor

Effects of fungivory by two specialist ciid beetles (Octotemnus glabriculus and Cis boleti) on the reproductive fitness of their host fungus, Coriolus versicolor

Drosophilidae (Diptera) associated to fungi: differential use of resources in anthropic and Atlantic Rain Forest areas

Inter‐ and intraspecific variation in mycotoxin tolerance: A study of four Drosophila species

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