Ecology of Polylepis SPP Forests, and Proposal for Its Conservation in the Andean Region of Tacna, Peru

Abstract

<jats:p>The forests of Polylepis (queñoales) is one of the most important Andean forest ecosystems and with the greatest impact due to human activities. The objectives of the study were to determine the distribution and diversity of queñoa forests in the Andean region of Tacna, Peru. With this information, We propose the restoration and conservation plan for the Polylepis spp. For this purpose plots of 500 m2 were established. The sampling was simple random, taking a population census in each of the sample units in the 4 provinces (Jorge Basadre, Tacna, Tarata and Candarave). The total evaluation area was 27,491 hectares. The presence of two Polylepis species was identified. Polylepis rugulosa Bitter was registered in 9 districts with an altitudinal range of 3050 to 4226 m.a.s.l. in 6 life zones. Polylepis tarapacana Phil is distributed in the provinces of Tarata and Tacna within 3 districts. P. tarapacana occurs in an altitudinal range between 4230 and 4750 m.a.s.l. in 5 life zones. The tall and diameter of tree were variable for two species. The human impact for P. rugulosa was recorded: Not Intervented (76%), Semi Intervening (21%) and Intervened (3%). For P. tarapacana it was: Not Intervented (77%), Semi Interventions (21%) and Intervened (2%). According to the data gathered, the conservation plan is proposed, consisting of 5 guidelines: 1) education, 2) communication and capacity building, 3) conservation and sustainable management, 4) policies and regulations, and 5) research and monitoring.</jats:p>

Educação Ambiental No Ensino Médio: Problematização Do Tema Saneamento Básico

“…The biomass of high Andean forests is used as fuel and in the construction of rural buildings of the Puno region in Peru and Bolivia (Collahuasi 2011). Across the Andes, these forests suffer accelerated processes of erosion, landslides of slopes by the implementation of roads and rural roads, especially in connection to mining and logging activities (Collahuasi 2011;Morales-Araníbar et al 2019) to promote grazing lands and wood extraction (Renison et al 2004;Ciertjacks et al 2008).…”

“…Araníbar et al 2019). The density of adults of quenoa differs between species and between sites of evaluation.…”

Environmental Education for Dwelling as a Sustainable Unit

“…The biomass of high Andean forests is used as fuel and in the construction of rural buildings of the Puno region in Peru and Bolivia (Collahuasi 2011). Across the Andes, these forests suffer accelerated processes of erosion, landslides of slopes by the implementation of roads and rural roads, especially in connection to mining and logging activities (Collahuasi 2011;Morales-Araníbar et al 2019) to promote grazing lands and wood extraction (Renison et al 2004;Ciertjacks et al 2008).…”

Patrón de distribución espacial de Polylepis rugulosa Bitter (queñoa) en diferentes exposiciones de ladera, Tacna (Perú)

“…En el área de estudio, el patrón de distribución espacial estaría influenciado por las condiciones ambientales y topográficas, y no tanto por perturbaciones antrópicas como se sugiere en otras áreas de estudio de la región Tacna (por ejemplo: Morales-Aranibar et al, 2019). Esto debido a que en el área de estudio no se evidenció indicios de perturbaciones antrópicas.…”

“…Los muestreos iniciaron cuando la cobertura de Polylepis fue homogénea, tanto en la ladera de exposición Este como Oeste. La especie que se evaluó fue P. rugulosa, cuyo dosel puede alcanzar hasta los 5 m de altura (Morales-Aranibar et al, 2019). En el área de estudio, P. rugulosa se encuentra acompañada por la especie Chuquiraga spinosa principalmente.…”