Ecology, pathology, and management of Port-Orford-Cedar (&lt;em&gt;Chamaecyparis lawsoniana&lt;/em&gt;).

Zobel, Donald B.; Roth, Lewis F.; Hawk, Glenn M.

doi:10.2737/pnw-gtr-184

Cited by 44 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…For the owners of A. chilensis forests, the species is a great economical resource, and it seems unlikely that a management strategy towards a long-term goal can be achieved. The management practices in other forests affected by Phytophthora focused on minimizing the spread of the inoculum (Zobel et al 1985;Hansen et al 2000). According to our results, the inoculum is already widely spread in the landscape, but there are some asymptomatic forests at risk, mostly inside the National Park, where the inoculum seems not to have arrived yet.…”

Section: Management Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Thinning may increase the danger of wind throw (Relva et al 2008) and may ensure the introduction of root rot, as it occurs with Chamaecyparis lawsoniana forests affected by P. lateralis (Zobel et al 1985). Previous to the identification of the biotic causal agent of A. chilensis disease, salvage cuttings were carried out, even though this treatment did not achieve disease control (Loguercio et al 1999).…”

Section: Management Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Modelling Phytophthora disease risk in Austrocedrus chilensis forests of Patagonia

2011

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Austrocedrus chilensis forests suffer from a disease caused by Phytophthora austrocedrae, which is found often in wet soils. We applied three widely used modelling techniques, with different data requirements, to model disease potential distribution under current environmental conditions: Mahalanobis distance, Maxent and Logistic regression. Each model was built using field data of health condition and landscape layers of environmental conditions (distance to streams, slope, aspect, elevation, mean annual precipitation and soil pH NaF). We compared model predictions by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and Kappa statistics. A reasonable ability to predict observed disease distribution was found for each of the three modelling techniques. However, Maxent and Logistic regression presented the best predictive performance, with significant differences with respect to the Mahalanobis distance model. Our results suggested that if good absence data are available, Logistic regression should be used in order to better discriminate sites with high risk of disease. On the other hand, if absence data are not available or doubtful, Maxent could be a very good option. The three models predicted that around 50% (49-56%) of the currently asymptomatic forests are located on sites at risk of disease according to abiotic factors. Most of these asymptomatic forests surround the current diseased patches, at distances lower than 100 m from diseased patches. Management considerations and the scope of future studies were discussed in this article.

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Section: Management Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Management Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modelling Phytophthora disease risk in Austrocedrus chilensis forests of Patagonia

2011

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“…3A and 4C). But a root rot fungus dispersed by human activities, such as Phytopthora lateralis, might expand its role as the road system is developed and the landscape is cut over (Zobel et al 1985) (Fig. 4C).…”

Section: Disturbance Susceplibililymentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating landscape patterns by forest cutting: Ecological consequences and principles

1987

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Landscape structural characteristics, such as patch size, edge length, and configuration, are altered markedly when management regimes are imposed on primeval landscapes. The ecological consequences of clearcutting patterns were explored by using a model of the dispersed patch or checkerboard system currently practiced on federal forest lands in the western United States. Thresholds in landscape structure were observed on a gradient of percentages of landscape cutover. Probability of disturbance, e.g., wildfire and windthrow, and biotic components, e.g., species diversity and game populations, are highly sensitive to t:aese structural changes. Altering the spatial configuration and size of clearcuts provides an opportunity to create alternative landscapes that differ significantly in their ecological characteristics. Both ecosystem and heterogeneous landscape perspectives are critical in resource management.

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“…St&us) (Kinloch 1972) also have been devastated by introduced pathogens. The ranges of Port-Orford-cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) (Zobel et al 1985) and Florida torreya (Torreya taxifoZia> (Godfrey and Kurz 1962) are being fragmented by diseases. Ozone and other pollutants are narrowing the gene pools of pines around urban areas, such as the Los Angeles basin (Miller 1973).…”

Section: Systematic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allozyme markers in forest genetic conservation

Millar¹,

Westfall²

1992

New Forest

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Application. Allozyme markers are useful in three main aspects of forest genetic conservation: assessing the amount and distribution of genetic variation; determining sampling plans for in-situ and ex-situ conservation; and monitoring changes in genetic diversity. Since allozymes represent only one type of polymorphism, they are best used in conjunction with other traits when information about adaptive variation is needed.Abstract. Genetic diversity is important in tree-breeding, in managing rare and endangered tree species, and in maintaining healthy populations of widespread native tree species. Allozymes are useful in determining genetic relationships among species, where they can be used to assess affiliations of rare taxa and predict relative endangerment among species. Because allozymes sometimes yield different information about genetic variation within species than revealed by other traits, when estimates of total or adaptive genetic variation are important, allozymes are best used in conjunction with other traits. Allozymes are useful for measuring direct allelic diversity when designing ex-situ and in-situ conservation strategies. We demonstrate an application of canonical trend-surface analysis for determining locations of in-situ genetic conservation areas. Allozymes also serve as useful markers in monitoring the effects of forest management and other environmental changes on genetic diversity.

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Ecology, pathology, and management of Port-Orford-Cedar (<em>Chamaecyparis lawsoniana</em>).

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

Modelling Phytophthora disease risk in Austrocedrus chilensis forests of Patagonia

Modelling Phytophthora disease risk in Austrocedrus chilensis forests of Patagonia

Creating landscape patterns by forest cutting: Ecological consequences and principles

Allozyme markers in forest genetic conservation

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