Ecomigration and Violent Conflict: Case Studies and Public Policy Implications

Reuveny, Rafael

doi:10.1007/s10745-007-9142-5

Cited by 88 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In both Ganges Brahmaputra and Mekong delta regions, the impact of environmental disasters has been widely documented (Hossain, Dearing, Rahman, & Salehin, 2016). In Bangladesh between 1976 and 2001, 270 million people were affected by floods and 25 million people were affected by droughts (Reuveny, 2008). Out-migration to neighbouring India intensified after the creation of the Farakka Barrage and resulted in clashes amongst ethnic, religious and socioeconomic lines (Reuveny, 2008;Swain, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home is where the money goes: migration-related urban-rural integration in delta regions

Szabo

Adger

Matthews

2018

Migration and Development

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The dominant movement of people in the mega-deltas of Asia is from agriculture-dominated rural areas to urban settlements, driven by growing opportunities, but resulting in new human development challenges. In this context, the present study aims to investigate whether remittance income leads to enhanced multiple dimensions of well-being in sending areas in deltas, by focusing on two delta regions with significant out-migration rates, Bangladeshi Ganges Brahmaputra and the Vietnamese Mekong deltas. The paper develops a conceptual framework that draws on existing migration theories and the aspirations and capabilities theories. Data from large scale sample household surveys (2010 Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey and 2012 Vietnam Living Standards Survey) are analysed through multilevel regression modelling to examine wellbeing outcomes in sending areas and links to remittance income. The results show that the temporal extent of internal and international migration is positively associated with remittances in both delta regions. The results also suggest that in both delta regions remittances have a significant positive effect on household well-being in the source rural areas, including overall income, investments in health, food security and access to sanitation. The study concludes that landscapes of urban and rural deltas are increasingly economically integrated which suggests greater resilience even for environmentally-at-risk tropical deltas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home is where the money goes: migration-related urban-rural integration in delta regions

Szabo

Adger

Matthews

2018

Migration and Development

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“…Ecomigration, in turn, may lead to conflict at its destination(s) and along the way. This will be especially true in underdeveloped, failing, or failed states [82].…”

Section: The Principal By-product Of Climate Change: "Ecomigration"mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A compounding factor is that states with poor economies that depend disproportionately on the environment for sustainment (e.g., agriculture) are especially conflict prone [82]. Scarcity and prospects for decline and starvation are observable causes of conflict and state collapse, as reflected in Environment, Scarcity, and Violence (1999), the signal work of University of Toronto professor Thomas Homer-Dixon [84].…”

Section: The Principal By-product Of Climate Change: "Ecomigration"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sudan, in turn, are three leading examples of the damaging impacts of radical enviro-transformation on stability and sovereignty. Underdeveloped, failing, and failed states, many of which are already beset with ethnic, religious, and socio-economic animosities, lack capability and capacity, that is, they lack resilience, to adapt to or redress radical enviro-transformation [82]. In failing states, feral cities, and other locales where a growing divide between haves and have-nots is exploitable, hostility and conflict deriving from ecomigration may also produce even more fertile ground for recruiting religiously-motivated terrorists [82].…”

Section: The Principal By-product Of Climate Change: "Ecomigration"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strengthening Sovereignty: Security and Sustainability in an Era of Climate Change

Parsons

2011

Sustainability

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Using Pakistan and the Arctic as examples, this article examines security challenges arising from climate change. Pakistan is in crisis, and climate change, a transnational phenomenon perhaps better characterized as radical enviro-transformation, is an important reason. Its survival as a state may depend to great extent on how it responds to 2010's devastating floods. In the Arctic, the ice cap is melting faster than predicted, as temperatures there rise faster than in almost any other region. Unmanaged, a complex interplay of climate-related conditions, including large-scale "ecomigration", may turn resource competition into resource conflict. Radical enviro-transformation has repeatedly overborne the resilience of societies. War is not an inevitable by-product of such transformation, but in the 21st Century climate-related instability, from resource scarcity and "ecomigration", will likely create increasingly undesirable conditions of insecurity. Weak and failing states are one of today's greatest security challenges. The pace of radical enviro-transformation, unprecedented in human history, is accelerating, especially in the Arctic, where a new, open, rich, and accessible maritime environment is coming into being. The international community must work together to enhance security and stability, promote sustainability, and strengthen sovereignty. Radical enviro-transformation provides ample reason and plentiful opportunity for preventative, collaborative solutions focused broadly on adaptation to climate change, most particularly the effects of "ecomigration". Nations must work together across the whole of government and with all instruments of national power to create conditions for human transformation-social, political, and economic-to occur stably and sustainably, so as to avoid or lessen the prospects for and consequences of conflict. Collaborative international solutions to environmental issues, i.e., solutions that mobilize and share technology and resources, will build nations and build peace. The military, through "preventative engagement" will play a more and more important role. Further research and analysis is needed to determine what changes in law and policy OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2011, 3 1417 should be made to facilitate stable and secure "ecomigration" on an international scale, over a long timeline.

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“…More than nation-states, cities will be forced into the frontlines by global warming, energy and water insecurity, and other environmental challenges (Reuveny 2008;Dietz, Rosa, and York 2009;Warner et al 2009). The new kinds of crises and, possibly, ensuing violence will be felt particularly in cities because of the often extreme dependence of cities on complex systems.…”

Section: The Urbanizing Of Global Governance Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Focus on Cities Takes Us Beyond Existing Governance Frameworks

Sassen¹

2013

The Quest for Security

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Ecomigration and Violent Conflict: Case Studies and Public Policy Implications

Cited by 88 publications

References 23 publications

Home is where the money goes: migration-related urban-rural integration in delta regions

Home is where the money goes: migration-related urban-rural integration in delta regions

Strengthening Sovereignty: Security and Sustainability in an Era of Climate Change

A Focus on Cities Takes Us Beyond Existing Governance Frameworks

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