“…[34] scrutinize the connection between natural gas and economic development in G-7 countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom-UK, and the USA) using a bootstrap -corrected causality test; they concluded that for the UK there is only a unidirectional causality running from economic growth to natural gas consumption while for Italy is contrary; for Germany, France, and the USA there is a bidirectional causality; for Japan and Canada, there is no any causality. [48] investigate the same correlation in Spain, Romania, and EU for the period 1990-2010, applying GC test; and they report a long-run relationship between GDP per capita and energy consumption with source natural gas for Spain and Romania; and for EU was only discovered a long-run relationship proven among GDP per capita and energy consumption with source renewable and total petroleum products. [5] examining natural gas consumption and economic growth nexus for a panel of 67 countries for the period 1992-2005, employing Pedroni panel cointegration and GC causality test, report bidirectional causality between natural gas consumption and economic growth in both short and longrun.…”